Research methods week 1 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyResearch MethodsUniversityNone Created by: The ShrewCreated on: 08-02-16 16:29 4 aims of psychology Description (observation, questionnaire), Prediction, Causation, Change 1 of 19 Explicit goal of experimental research Infer causation 2 of 19 Co-variation/ correlation Not sufficient 3 of 19 Time-order relationship/ Eliminate other possible causes Allow internal validity 4 of 19 Advantages of Between subjects design Not influenced by: fatigue or boredom/ practice effects/ carry over effects 5 of 19 Disadvantages Big sample/ situation variables/ participant variables or ID- confounding variables 6 of 19 Expectancy effects can be controlled using Placebo 7 of 19 Random Allocation Design Controls for p variables 8 of 19 Larger sample size More likely to be even spread 9 of 19 Matched Groups design Ps matched based on certain characteristics 10 of 19 Natural groups design Groups not created by manipulating IV- based on ps variables 11 of 19 Null Hypothesis Significance Testing Gives us p value- calculate chance of type 1 error 12 of 19 Test of different hypothesis There will be a significant difference between X and Y 13 of 19 Test of difference null hypothesis There will be no significant difference between X and Y 14 of 19 Statistical Power Why we chose one test or another/ how many ps you need/ what p value we need 15 of 19 Based on Effect size and how accurate you want to be 16 of 19 Sign Test used for Within subjects design/ ordinal or scale (interval/ ratio) data 17 of 19 How it works Look at signs for each data point- compare no. of scores in minority to critical value table 18 of 19 Disadvantage Doesn't look at magnitude of change 19 of 19
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