Research methods week 1

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  • Created by: The Shrew
  • Created on: 08-02-16 16:29
4 aims of psychology
Description (observation, questionnaire), Prediction, Causation, Change
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Explicit goal of experimental research
Infer causation
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Co-variation/ correlation
Not sufficient
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Time-order relationship/ Eliminate other possible causes
Allow internal validity
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Advantages of Between subjects design
Not influenced by: fatigue or boredom/ practice effects/ carry over effects
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Disadvantages
Big sample/ situation variables/ participant variables or ID- confounding variables
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Expectancy effects can be controlled using
Placebo
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Random Allocation Design
Controls for p variables
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Larger sample size
More likely to be even spread
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Matched Groups design
Ps matched based on certain characteristics
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Natural groups design
Groups not created by manipulating IV- based on ps variables
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Null Hypothesis Significance Testing
Gives us p value- calculate chance of type 1 error
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Test of different hypothesis
There will be a significant difference between X and Y
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Test of difference null hypothesis
There will be no significant difference between X and Y
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Statistical Power
Why we chose one test or another/ how many ps you need/ what p value we need
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Based on
Effect size and how accurate you want to be
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Sign Test used for
Within subjects design/ ordinal or scale (interval/ ratio) data
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How it works
Look at signs for each data point- compare no. of scores in minority to critical value table
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Disadvantage
Doesn't look at magnitude of change
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Explicit goal of experimental research

Back

Infer causation

Card 3

Front

Co-variation/ correlation

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Time-order relationship/ Eliminate other possible causes

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Advantages of Between subjects design

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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