research methods ; types of observation
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- Created by: ilovetheoffice
- Created on: 12-05-18 09:35
observations provide psychologists with way of seeing what ppl do w/o?
having to ask them
1 of 41
allow researchers to do what?
study observable behaviour in natural / ctrlled setting
2 of 41
allows researcher flexibility to study?
more complex interactions more naturally
3 of 41
obs often used w/in experiment as way of assessing?
dependent variable
4 of 41
NATURALISTIC / CTRLLED OBS
DFGDFG
5 of 41
where do naturalistic obs take place?
in setting / context where target behaviour would usually occur
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why may controlled observation be preferred someties?
if want to control certain aspects
7 of 41
like ainsworth recording data from two way mirror makes it?
controlled
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some control over variables including?
control extraneous variables / manipulatin to observe efects
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NATURALISTIC / CTRLLED OBSERVATIONS ; EVAL
DFGDG
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why naturalistic obs tend to have high external validity?
findings can be generalised to erryday life bc that's where the study occurs
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but lack ctrl over research situations makes what difficult?
replication
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there may also be many uncontrolled?
extraneous variables
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that make it more difficult to
judg patterns of behaviour
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ctrlled obs in contrast may produce findings that can't be?
appled to real-life settings
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extraneous variables may be less of a factor so what becomes easier?
replication of observation
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COVERT / OVERT OBSERVATIONS
DFGDFG
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what happens in a covert operation/
pps unaware they're the focus of the study and behaviour observed in secret
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what must this behaviour be to avoid being unethical?
in public and happening anyway
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and what ahppens in overt observations?
pps know behaviour is being observed
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and given what beforehand?
informed consent
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C/OVERT EVALUATION
DFGD
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fact pps don't know being watched removes?
pp reactivity
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and ensures what baout any behaviour observed?
natural
24 of 41
this increases what about data?
validity
25 of 41
however why ethics quesitoneD?
ppl may not like havin their behaviours noted down
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in this sense overt observations are more?
ethically acceptable
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but knowledge pps have that they're being observed may act as?
significant influence on behaviur
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NON-/PP OBS
GDG
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what happens in pp obs?
researcher becomes part of the group
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and non-participant?
researcher remains separate from those they're studying and records in more objective manner
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why may non-pp b the only option sometimes?
may be impractical / impossible to join grps
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NON-/PP ; EVAL
DGDG
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what are the benefits of pp obs in researcher experiencing situation as pps do?
give increased insight into lives of ppl being studies
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what about findings may this increase?
validity
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dager however that researcher may lose objectivity why?
come to identify too strongly with those they're studying
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sometimes referred to as?
'going native'
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non-pp observations allow researcher to mntn?
objective psych distance from pps
38 of 41
so less chance of them?
'goig native'
39 of 41
however may lose what about pp obs?
valuabe linsight
40 of 41
why
too far removed from ppl they're studying
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
allow researchers to do what?
Back
study observable behaviour in natural / ctrlled setting
Card 3
Front
allows researcher flexibility to study?
Back
Card 4
Front
obs often used w/in experiment as way of assessing?
Back
Card 5
Front
NATURALISTIC / CTRLLED OBS
Back
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