Research methods Observational methods 2

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  • Created by: CaliFish
  • Created on: 05-05-17 14:46
Name a measuring instrument of observations
a coding scheme
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what are the two musts for a good coding scheme
codes should be mutually exclusive and codes should be exhaustive
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reliability of a coding scheme is not about what
the precision of the observer
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reliability of a coding scheme is about what
the precision of the coding scheme
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if a observer is sloppy it will show up as what
low reliability
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therefore how will you know if the low reliability is due to a poor coding scheme or a poor observer
you will not
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reliability of a coding scheme are what
context specific
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define intra observer reliability
the same observer coded the same behavioural recored the same at different times
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define inter observer reliablity
different observers coded the same behavioural record the same at different or same time
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when is inter observer reliability be assessed, begging, during or at the end
can do all
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name the two estimates
consensus and consistency
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observers estimates are based on what
that coders can come to an exact agreement
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what type of data is this used on
categorical
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what type of calculation
cohens kappa
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what are consistency estimates based on
coders do not have to be identical but equally consistent
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what type of scale is this used on
ordinal, interval, continous
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what type of calculation
pearsons r, spearman rhos and cronbachs alpha
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why do we use cohens kappa and not percent agreement
does not account for random change
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why do we use cronbachs alpha and not correlation coefficient
it does not account for the variance between coders
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when calculating cohens kappa, when observers both say yes what letter
a
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when observers both say no what letter
d
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when observer A says yes and observer B says no
c
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when observer B says yes and observer A says no
b
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draw a contingency table
...
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what is equation for percent agreement in two forms
no of times agree/total no of observations and a + d / total
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what is the cohens kappa equation
Pa - Pc / 1 - Pc
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what is the next step
convert contingency table of frequencies into probabilities
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how do you report for b value
divide all values by the total number of observations
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how do you work out Pc
(exg) + (fxh)
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name the two bias' in kappa stats
marginal homogeneity and trait prevalence
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the more _______ the margins are the _____ the kappa will be
homogenous, lower
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the kappa is ______ to high or low levels of trait prevalence and therefore the kappa becomes _____
sensitive, lower
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whats another way for saying the kappa becomes lower
more conservative
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what are the two musts for a good coding scheme

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codes should be mutually exclusive and codes should be exhaustive

Card 3

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reliability of a coding scheme is not about what

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Card 4

Front

reliability of a coding scheme is about what

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Card 5

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if a observer is sloppy it will show up as what

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