Research methods 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyResearch methods and techniquesA2/A-levelAQA Created by: katieCreated on: 19-04-16 12:06 Empirical methods Information gained through direct experience or experiment, not from beliefs 1 of 21 Objectivity Results must be collected with no observer bias, no external variables 2 of 21 Replicability Repeats must match with the original experiment especially with observations 3 of 21 Theory construction A theory must be built from the facts collected to give research meaning 4 of 21 Hypothesis testing Hypothesis are testable expectations, if no evidence is found the hypothesis must be edited. 5 of 21 Lab study Conducted in a highly controlled environment, high internal validity, reduced external validity. 6 of 21 Field study Study in natural environment,high external validity although some demand characteristics. 7 of 21 Natural experiment Observation of conditions already naturally occurring, 8 of 21 Opportunity sampling Whoever is closest, quick and easy but will be biased 9 of 21 Volunteer sample Advertise in the paper participants come forwards, biased sample 10 of 21 Stratified and quota samples The population is looked at in groups, the proportion of the population made of that group=proportion of sample. Stratified=random, quota=opertunity 11 of 21 Random sample Identify target population, randomly select participants. 12 of 21 Snowball sampling Identify 1 or 2 get them to direct you to more, good for hard to identify participants 13 of 21 Type 1 error False positive, accept H1 when we should accept H0 14 of 21 Type 2 error False negative, accept H0 when we should accept H1 15 of 21 Chi squared Nominal data, not correlational, data is independant, looking for difference or association 16 of 21 Spearman Rho Ordinal or above, correlational, two sets of data are from one person/thing 17 of 21 Mann-Whitney U Ordinal or above, not correlational and independent groups 18 of 21 Wilcoxon Ordinal or above, not correlational and repeated measures+matched pairs 19 of 21 Descriptive stats Measure of central tendency(mean, median mode); Measure of dispersion(range, SD);Graphs(bar chart, scatter graph) 20 of 21 Inferential stats Select, Justify, Conclusion 21 of 21
WJEC Psychology PY4 - Controversies - The Status of Psychology as a Science 2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
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