Research Methods 0.0 / 5 ? SociologySociological research methodsASWJEC Created by: ellenwest99Created on: 21-02-16 10:53 Survey Large-scale quantitative studies collecting data via questionnaires or interviews 1 of 25 Example of a survey The Crime survey for England & Wales 2 of 25 Questionnaires A list of questions for the participant to answer that are pre set 3 of 25 Closed questions Questions that will only give a 'yes' or 'no' answer, or have pre set answers 4 of 25 Open questions Questions that do not have pre set answers, so the participant is able to write whatever they want 5 of 25 Longitudinal studies Observational research method where data is collected for the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time 6 of 25 Advantages of questionnaires Quick & easy to complete, easy to answer 7 of 25 Disadvantages of questionnaires Time consuming, not taken seriously 8 of 25 Structured interview Interview that provides quantitative data that is high in reliability and is more value free (based on closed ended questions) 9 of 25 Unstructured interview Interview that provides qualitative data high in validity and more value laden (more like a guided conversation) 10 of 25 Advantage & disadvantage of structured interviews +Data is easy to quantify. -Imposition problem (researcher decides the responses) 11 of 25 Advantage & disadvantage of unstructured interviews +Can build a Rapport with the respondent. -No structure (go off the point) 12 of 25 Semi-structured interview Every interview consists of the same questions but uses a mix of closed Qs & open ended Qs 13 of 25 Advantage & disadvantage of unstructured interviews +Increases reliability & validity. -Difficult to compare & quantify 2 types of data 14 of 25 Focus groups Dozen or so respondents are interviewed together 15 of 25 Advantage & disadvantage of focus groups +Can observe group interactions. -Difficult to build an individual Rapport 16 of 25 Participant & non-participant observation non-participant = groups observed without researcher taking part. Participant = researcher joins group & takes part in activities 17 of 25 Covert & Overt Covert = researcher hides their identity & purpose from the group. Overt = researcher makes their identity & purpose known to the group 18 of 25 Hawthorne effect Type of reactivity in which the individuals modify their behaviour in response to their awareness of being observed 19 of 25 Gatekeeper` Someone with the trust & respect of the group who can ease the introduction of the researcher 20 of 25 Verstehen 'Seeing the world through the eyes of the individual actor' 21 of 25 2 advantages of participant observations Useful when studying 'unconscious actions'. High in validity 22 of 25 2 disadvantages of participant observations Lacks reliability. Time consuming 23 of 25 2 advantages of non-participant observations Qualitative & quantitative data can be collected. Easier to record what is happening. 24 of 25 2 disadvantages of non-participant observations Hawthorne effect. Researcher not fully 'experiencing the life' 25 of 25
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