Reproduction exam

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explain the main three sections of the testis and their functions.
Tunica Vasculosa- made up of tissues containing blood vessels, supplies blood to the testis- inner layer.
Tunica Albuginea- holds everything in place and makes partitions between seminiferous tubules.
tunica vaginalis- 2 layers, visceral and parietal- thi
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What is the function of the epididymis?
the epididymis stores sperm until it can be released through *********** or a *********.
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what is the function of the prostate gland?
produces seminal fluid and gives nutrition to sperm cells- without these the sperm would die on their journey through the hostile environment of the vagina.
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what is the function of the Cowper's gland?
produces a clear slippery fluid which cleans out the acidic urine in the urethra to protect the sperm cells before ***********.
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structure and function of a sperm cell
a sperm cell consists of three main sections, the head, mitochondria and a flagellum.
head - sharp and pointy to help penetrate egg outer membrane, bad of enzymes to dissolve eggs outer membrane.
mitochondria- makes energy to help sperm to swim through f
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function of medulla and ovarian cortex
the ovaries have two main layers, the outer ovarian cortex which holds the follicles, this is where the immature eggs ripen and mature.
inner medulla- contains blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves, supplies ovaries with blood.
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what is an ectopic pregnancy, and what structures reduce the risk?
an ectopic pregnancy is when the fertilised egg implants into the fallopian tube, as the foetus grows and develops it puts pressure on the fallopian tubes and can cause it to rupture.
fimbrae create currents to help propel the egg towards the uterus.
mus
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changes in male puberty
deepening of voice
enlargement of testis
skin becomes thick and oily
increase in bone and muscle mass
chest and facial hair
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effects of low testosterone on infertility
testorsterone is the main sexual hormone in men, it stimulates the production of sperm. too little testosterone can reduce the amount of sperm produced and also the quality of sperm, making it harder to fertilise an egg.
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changes in female puberty
pubic hair
widening of the hips and pelvis
start of menstrual cycle
enlargement of mammary tissues (breast)
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effects of oestrogen on uterus and mammary glands
oestrogen stimulates the thickening of the uterine lining in anticipation of a fertilised egg implanting.
it also stimulates the glandular development of mammary glands, causing breasts to grow.
stops the flow of milk once the baby has been weaned off the
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effects of progesterone.
stimulates and maintains the thickening of the uterine lining for egg to implant into.
stops the release of LH and FSH in the secretory phase.
encourages glandular development.
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phases of menstrual cycle
follicle- first 14 days- menstruation begins on day 1. FSH and oestrogen cause the ripening of immature follicles ready for release.
secretory - second 14 days
LH stimulates release of mature egg (ovulation).
progesterone thickens and maintains the lining
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significance of day 14/15
progesterone is released during ovulation, without ovulation there would be no egg to fertilise. progesterone spikes enable the lining to thicken so that the egg has somewhere to implant, without this the embryo will not develop.
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Card 2

Front

What is the function of the epididymis?

Back

the epididymis stores sperm until it can be released through *********** or a *********.

Card 3

Front

what is the function of the prostate gland?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the function of the Cowper's gland?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

structure and function of a sperm cell

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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