Examiners look for the sick. Searchers to see if people are dead. Burial six feet under. Sick shut in their houses. Houses of sick marked, red cross.
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Action against the plague - treatments cont.
Streets swept & cleaned. Rakers removed waste & sick. No hogs, dogs, tame pigeons or rabbits kept in the city.
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Vesalius
Anatomical diagrams. Accuracy. First time in book written letters or numbers and a diagram, labels. Better than using words! Started proved Galen wrong with discoveries.
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Vesalius: Tabulae Sex
1538. Anatomical drawings. Better than just using words. Started to see problems with Galen
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Vesalius: Letter on Venesection
1539. Bleeding. Illustrations of veins. Anatomical reason to challenge Galen & Hippocrates. Blood letting: not opposite side, only small amount should be taken.
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Vesalius: Fabric of the Human Body
1543. Human anatomy study about everything. Illustrations. Corrected Galen. Letters & diagrams - more accurate learning, understanding.
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William Harvey
Rabbits experiment, couldn't see heart beating. Frog = slower heartbeat. Saw blood circulated through arteries and veins, proving Galen's theory of it going one way & disappearing wrong. Good for surgery.
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William Harvey cont.
Proved theory of four humours wrong, as you can't have too much blood as it circulates. 8 x volume of blood in a frog than the volume of the frog itself. Blood flows one way in veins and arteries. First circulatory system diagram. Heart is a pump.
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The Royal Society
1662. Investigated: effects of heat on glass; comets; effects of poison on dogs, cats and hens; effects of a vacuum on kittens; human foetus; blood transfusions & circulation; microscopes; refraction of light.
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Ambroise Pare: gunshot wounds
Mix yolks of eggs, oil of roses and turpentine together - acts like an antiseptic. Apply to wound. Leave patient to recover.
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Ambroise Pare: amputation
Find where it should be amputated. Eat healthily to improve physical health. Pull skin away & tie. Hold patient firmly. Cut flesh with sharp knife, saw bone. Let stump bleed. Tie veins and arteries. Tie skin back over stump.
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