Religious Radicalism, Toleration and Major-generals

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What were anti-tolerationists?
Those who wanted a rigid and disciplined church e.g. the presbyterian Scots
1 of 17
What were conservative tolerationists?
Those who wanted some toleration of baptists, independents and presbyterians but rejected catholics and socinians e.g. political independents
2 of 17
What were radical tolerationists?
Those who questioned the states right to determine an individuals faith e.g. Henry Vane
3 of 17
Where was Cromwell in the toleration controversy?
Between radical toleration and conservative
4 of 17
When did toleration become an issue?
In the Nayler and Biddle case because OC wasn't sure whether he should punish- let parliament handle it who did punish but OC made sure the fines were lenient
5 of 17
Why did the relationship between protector and parliament worsen?
Because parliament thought they should decide on the extent of religious toleration
6 of 17
Who were the Blackloists?
Branch of catholicism that was dominant through the protectorate- they promised to support OC, take a parliamentary oath of allegience & allow the pope to appoint 6 english bishops that had limited powers
7 of 17
Did Cromwell tolerate the catholics?
Some toleration for the Blackloists
8 of 17
Did Cromwell tolerate the jews? How?
Yes- he insisted that the petition (to allow jews to officially live in england) was presented to the protectorate council- despite OC's support the council refused but OC made it possible for jews to live in Eng unofficially
9 of 17
What and when was the major-generals?
1655-7: England was split into 11 boroughs and led by a major-general (general from the army)
10 of 17
Why was the major-generals introduced?
Failure of the western design, the over-reaction of OC and Lambert over the failure of the first protectorate parliament, poor finances and the renewed royalist threat
11 of 17
What were disadvantages of the major-generals?
High taxation, religious radicalism, obvious sign of military rule and interference in local governments
12 of 17
What did the government think about the major-generals?
Opposed it because of the military rule and the interference in local governments- gentry concerns were confirmed when the major-generals dismissed local MPs to improve the efficiency of their rule
13 of 17
What was the decimation tax?
A tax imposed on wealthy royalists of 10% of their annual income to pay for local militias
14 of 17
Why was the major-generals a financial failure?
The decimation tax didn't raise enough to fund the militia, tax had drastically increased since the death of Charles I and it meant that royalists didn't accept the portectorate
15 of 17
What were the religious issues of the major-generals?
Many religious radicals were or had been members of the army- many generals made alliances with members of the gentry who were deemed radical, they prevented the prosecution of many radicals
16 of 17
What did Cromwell think of the major-generals?
Eventually opposed it because of the military taxes (decimation)- it hampered a settlement with parliament- pushed him to abandon the Instrument and adopt the Humble Petition
17 of 17

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were conservative tolerationists?

Back

Those who wanted some toleration of baptists, independents and presbyterians but rejected catholics and socinians e.g. political independents

Card 3

Front

What were radical tolerationists?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where was Cromwell in the toleration controversy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When did toleration become an issue?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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