Religion and Morality Key Vocab

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MORALITY
a system of ethics about what is right and wrong
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ETHICS
the theory relating to morality
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ABSOLUTE MORALITY
what is morally right and wrong applies to all circumstances at all times
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RELATIVE MORALITY
what is morally right and wrong in any situation depends on its particular circumstances
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SANCTITY OF LIFE
the idea that life is sacred and god given
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VALUE OF LIFE
the value of a person over and above physical value
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QUALITY OF LIFE
a measure of fulfilment in a persons life
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FERTILITY TREATMENT
medical procedure to assist an infertile couple to have a child
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IVF (in vitro fertilisation)
a scientific method of making a woman pregnant, which does not involve sexual intercourse, baby is conceived in a test tube
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TEST TUBE BABY
the term given to a baby created outside the woman body
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ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION
sperm is medically inserted into the vagina to assist pregnancy
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SURROGACY
woman's egg fertilised artificially by another woman partner
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AIH
when a woman is made pregnant by the sperm of her husband using IVF
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AID
when a woman is made pregnant using the donated sperm of another man, using IVF
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SEXUAL INTERCOURSE
sexual activity involving more than one person for either procreation or pleasure
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TRANSPLANT SURGERY
when someone else's organs are put into a patient
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BLOOD TRANSFUSION
when a patient is given extra blood as part of an operation
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HUMAN GENETIC ENGINEERING
the modification of gene make-up to change the feature of a human
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EMBRYOLOGY
the study of human embryos
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EMBRYO
fertilised ovum at about 12-14 days when implanted into the wall of the womb
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DESINGER BABIES
babies with gender and characteristics chosen by the parents
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STEM CELL
a cell then from an embryo whose role in the body is yet to be determined
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SAVIOUR SIBLING
sibling who is genetically compatible with their sick sibling whose stem cells can be used to treat the sick child
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CLONING
the scientific method where plants and animals can be made with exactly the same genetic material as the original
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HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION
testing products, usually medicines on paid human volunteers
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CONCEPTION
the moment the sperm fertilises the egg
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QUICKENING
the first detectable movement of the foetus
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ENSOULMENT
the belief that at one moment the foetus receives a soul
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VIABLE
the point at which the foetus could survive if it was to be born premature
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DEATH
the end of life, which can be determined in several ways, but normally when the brain stops working
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HEAVEN
a state of being with god after death
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HELL
a state of being without god after death (or with the devil)
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PURGATORY
a time of spiritual cleansing and preparation for heaven
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REINCARNATION
being born again in a different form
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REBIRTH
continuing life in another form
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AGEISM
prejudice and discrimination towards the elderly
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EUTHANASIA
inducing a painless death, by agreement, with compassion, to ease suffering
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LIFE SUPPORT MACHINE
a machine that keeps people alive when they would otherwise die
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MOURNING
a period of time in which signs of grief are shown
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HOSPICE
a special place where people go to die with dignity
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CRIME
an offence which is punishable by law
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DUTY
a moral or legal obligation
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RESPONSIBILITY
a duty to care for someone or something
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CONSCIENCE
the inner feeling you are doing right or wrong
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CRIME AGAINST A PERSON
wrongdoing that directly harms a person
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CRIME AGAINST A PROPERTY
damaging items that belong to somebody else
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CRIME AGAINST THE STATE
an offence aimed at damaging the government or a country
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RELIGIOUS OFFENCE
an offence against religion
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PUNISHMENT
something done to a person because they have broken the law
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PROTECTION
keeping the public from being harmed, threatened by criminals
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RETRIBUTION
an aim of punishment to get your own back
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DETERRENCE
an aim of punishment to put people off committing crimes
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REFORM
an aim of punishment to change someones behaviour for the better
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VINDICATION
an aim of punishment that means offenders should be punished to show the law must be respected
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REPARATION
an aim of punishment designed to help an offender to put something back into society
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FORGIVENESS
showing grace and mercy to someone for what they have done wrong
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REPENTANCE
being truly sorry and trying to change ones behaviour so as not to do the same again
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YOUNG OFFENDER
a person under 18 who has broken the law
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IMPRISONMENT
when a person is put in jail for committing a crime
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PRISON REFEROM
a movement that tried to ensure offenders are treated humanely
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DEATH PENALTY
capital punishment form of punishment in which a prisoner is put to death for their crimes
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COMMUNITY SERVICE
unpaid work that an offender performs for the benefit of the local community
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ELECTRONIC TAGGING
an electronic device worn by an offender which tracks their movement
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FINE
money paid as punishment for a crime or offence
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PROBATION
an alternative to prison where a prisoner has to meet regularly with a probation officer to ensure they do not offend again
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LEDC's
poor country where people live in poverty
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MEDC's
a rich country where people enjoy a comfortable standard of living
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NATURAL DISASTER
a disaster caused by nature
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CIVIL WAR
a war fought against a country government by people living within the country
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CORRUPTION
dishonesty that usually leads to the accumulation of wealth
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CLIMATE
the regular weather conditions of an area
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WORLD TRADE
different countries buying and selling goods between them
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COMPASSION
a feeling of pity that makes one want to help
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EMERGENCY AID
immediate response to deal with the aftermath of a disaster
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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
people are helped to develop their skills and learn new ones which they can use again
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LONG TERM AID
assistance given to a poor country possibly over a long period of time that has lasting effect
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the theory relating to morality

Back

ETHICS

Card 3

Front

what is morally right and wrong applies to all circumstances at all times

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is morally right and wrong in any situation depends on its particular circumstances

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

the idea that life is sacred and god given

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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