Reliability and Validity

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Reliability
The consistency of a measure, the results should be replicable
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Validity
The extent to which a test measures what it has set out to
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Participant error
Participants respond differently at different times
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Participant bias
Interviewee may be saying what another person wants them to say
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Observer error
Different investigators follow different procedures
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Observer bias
What an investigator observes and reports is influenced by their expectations, may interrupt results in different ways depending on interests
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Extraneous variables
A variable other than the IV which may affect the DV and therefore needs to be controlled
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Situational variables
Environmental variables which might affect participants behaviour
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Participant variables
characteristics of participants which might cause one group of people to act differently to others
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Investigator effects
Cues from the investigator which might cause participants to behave differently
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Demand characteristics
Cues arising from the research situations which affect participants behaviour as they try to workout what the investigator wants them to do
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Confounding variable
A variable other than the IV which has affected the DV and therefore has confounded the findings
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The extent to which a test measures what it has set out to

Back

Validity

Card 3

Front

Participants respond differently at different times

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Interviewee may be saying what another person wants them to say

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Different investigators follow different procedures

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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