How consistent a measuring device is and whether similar results could be collected if repeated. If it is replicable.
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How could reliability in experiments be improved?
E.g. standardisation, inter-rater reliability, control, ambiguous questions could be clarified, researchers could be given training.
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What is internal reliability?
The extent to which a measure is consistent within itself.
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What is external reliability?
The extent to which a measure varies from one use to another.
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What is inter-rate reliability?
Comparing the ratings of two or more observers and checking for agreement in their measurements.
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What does validity refer to?
Whether a study measures what it is supposed to measure.
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Why may things such as questionnaires lack validity?
Participants may lie and give socially desirable answers,
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What type of data is said to be more valid?
Qualitative data.
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How can self-report techniques be made more valid?
Leading questions could be avoided, open questions could be added, confidentiality could be reinforced to allow respondents to give more truthful responses.
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What is face validity?
The extent to which a measure appears on the surface to measure what it is supposed to measure.
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What is criterion validity?
A way of assessing validity by comparing results with another measure.
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What is concurrent validity?
When results of a test are compared with results from another test at the same time.
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What is construct validity?
A way of assessing validity by investigating if the measure is really measuring what it is supposed to be.
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Define internal validity
Related to what actually happens in a study. Refers to whether the independent variable has an effect on the dependent variable or whether the dependent variable was affected by a confounding variable.
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Define external validity
Whether the findings of a study really can be generalised beyond the present study.
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What is population validity?
Refers to the extent to which the findings can be generalised to other populations of people.
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What is ecological validity?
The extent to which the findings an be generalised beyond the present situation.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How could reliability in experiments be improved?
Back
E.g. standardisation, inter-rater reliability, control, ambiguous questions could be clarified, researchers could be given training.
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