Relationships Research- Virtual and Parasocial Relationships

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McKenna and Bargh, 1999
The absence of gating can help people who have difficulty in real life (eg, anxiety, shyness and stammers)
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Walther, 1996 and 2011
People have time to present themselves how they want to. There can also be greater self disclosure.
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Smith and Duggan, 2013
54% of people who online dated believed that they had been involved with someone who had misrepresented themselves. 28% had been contacted in an uncomfortable way.
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Mishna et al, 2009
A majority of 16-24 year olds believed that virtual relationships were just as real as physical ones.
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McCutcheon et al, 2002
3 levels of parasocial relationships; entertainment-social, intense-personal and borderline-pathological.
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Bowlby
Attachment types have an effect on the relationship we build with others.
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Cole and Leets, 1999
Supporting - Adolescents who were insecure resistant were more likely to form parasocial relationships than those who were secure or insecure avoidant.
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McCutcheon et al, 2006 (Research Against)
Found that people with insecure attachments were no more likely to form parasocial relationships than secure attachments.
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McCutcheon et al, 2002 (Which Model?)
Absorption Addiction Model.Two stages; absorption and addiction.
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Eyesnck
Personality questionnaire--> Borderline-Pathological= Psychotic Intense-Personal= Neurotic Entertainment-Social= Extrovert
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Maltby et al, 2001
There was a positive correlation between poor mental health and the formation of parasocial relationships.
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Card 2

Front

People have time to present themselves how they want to. There can also be greater self disclosure.

Back

Walther, 1996 and 2011

Card 3

Front

54% of people who online dated believed that they had been involved with someone who had misrepresented themselves. 28% had been contacted in an uncomfortable way.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A majority of 16-24 year olds believed that virtual relationships were just as real as physical ones.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

3 levels of parasocial relationships; entertainment-social, intense-personal and borderline-pathological.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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