Majority of crime committed by younger, poorer people. EM tend to be younger and poorer than population as a whole (immigration being a factor)
1 of 18
Strength of DE (Morris)
There is a link between poverty and age
2 of 18
Limitation of DE (Morris)
Not all EM are overrepresented (eg. Asians)
3 of 18
Interpretivists
OCS shows prejudice in CJS. Higher levels of reported crime reflect discrimination by police and other criminal justice agencies.
4 of 18
Strength of Interpretivists
Supported by Macpherson Report. Supported by Bowling and Philips. Supported by Holdaway and Reiner.
5 of 18
Macpherson Report
Due to allegations that the police had not behaved appropriately towards the Stephen Lawrence murder case. Found police to be institutionally racist.
6 of 18
Bowling and Philips (2007)
Military Style Policing - excessive use of stop and search (eg. 2015, Black Britons 4.2 times more likely to be S&S)
7 of 18
Holdaway and Reiner
'Canteen Culture' - racist jokes, language and banter still used by police
8 of 18
Sharp and Budd (2005)
Self-Report Surveys and Sharp and Budd's research show Black Britons have lower offense levels but a greater chance of being sent to court and committed.
9 of 18
Hood (1992)
Young Afro-Caribbean males more likely to have a longer custodial sentence than white males for the same type of offences
10 of 18
Cashmore (and Merton)
Using Merton's ideas - argues that young Afro-Caribbeans in Britain are encouraged to gain material success. Since it is rarely possible legitimately, (due to poor schools and unemployment), they have to innovate
11 of 18
Marxists
Economic Deprivation - As part of the WC, they have internalised criminogenic values (eg. materialism and consumerism. ALSO, crime is a rational response to prejudice and discrimination.
12 of 18
Gilroy
Crime is a political response (symbolic protest against exploitation)
13 of 18
Hall
'Moral Panic' - distracts from more significant harm, divides WC and for white majority it legitimises police control / power
14 of 18
Left Realism
Young Black people feel relative deprivation because income levels are low and they experience more discrimination
15 of 18
Sewell
'Triple Quandary' - single-parent, racist society, conspicuous consumption) creates anxiety which is resolved by joining a subculture/ gang
16 of 18
Strength of Sewell
Highlights need for media to address racism and over-emphasis of consumerism
17 of 18
Limitation of Sewell
Blames black culture and suggesting it causes crime when Black people may be victims of an oppressive society
18 of 18
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
There is a link between poverty and age
Back
Strength of DE (Morris)
Card 3
Front
Not all EM are overrepresented (eg. Asians)
Back
Card 4
Front
OCS shows prejudice in CJS. Higher levels of reported crime reflect discrimination by police and other criminal justice agencies.
Back
Card 5
Front
Supported by Macpherson Report. Supported by Bowling and Philips. Supported by Holdaway and Reiner.
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