Reasoning 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyReasoningUniversityAll boards Created by: Ellierogers126Created on: 30-04-20 19:45 What is inductive reasoning? Conclusions from limited knowledge that are probably, not definitely true 1 of 22 What is the term for knowledge that is common so it appears to be true, works in multiple contexts and is heavily influenced by the media? Availability heuristic 2 of 22 What is the term for judging probabilities according to how one thing resembles another? Representative heuristic 3 of 22 What is the term for the wrong assumption that two conditions are more probable than one (Kahneman & Tversky, 1982)? Conjunction fallacy 4 of 22 What is the term for seeking to confirm a hypothesis without falsification? Confirmation bias 5 of 22 What is a test of inductive reasoning? Wasons 2-4-6 task 6 of 22 What should the aim of hypothesis testing be? Falsification 7 of 22 What is deductive reasoning? Drawing definite conclusions based on logic 8 of 22 What are the two forms of deductive reasoning? Syllogistic and conditional 9 of 22 What is a syllogism? Two statements followed by a conclusion 10 of 22 What tests conditional deductive reasoning? Wasons selection task 11 of 22 Do we rely on conditional or syllogistic reasoning more? Conditional 12 of 22 What type of reasoning relies on logical operators (if_ then _)? Conditional 13 of 22 Is inductive or deductive reasoning used more in every day life? Inductive 14 of 22 What brain area was activated during deductive reasoning tasks (Goel & Dolan, 2004)? Left Inferior frontal gyrus 15 of 22 What brain area was activated during inductive reasoning tasks (Goel & Dolan, 2004)? Dorsolateral prefrontal gyrus 16 of 22 What is somatic marker hypothesis (Domasio et al, 1996)? Emotion influences our reasoning 17 of 22 How do people with high functioning ASD perform on Ravens matrices task (Yamada et al, 2012)? More brain activation but same behavioural performance as controls 18 of 22 What response to people have to Iowa gambling task (Bechara et al, 1999) and galvanic skin response? Lack of anticipation 19 of 22 Who found that events that are more easily remembered are judged to be more probable (evidence of the availability heuristic)? Tversky & Kahneman (1974) 20 of 22 Who found evidence of the conjunction fallacy? Kahnemann & Tversky (1982) 21 of 22 Who conducted the experiment showing that in science, theories are rarely changed even if they have been falsified? Fugelsgang et al (2004) 22 of 22
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