Realists approach to crime

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Realists approach to crime
Right realists see crime as a real problem for society; they see the cause of it as partly biological and party social. these causes cannot easily be changed, they focus on deterring offenders.
Left realists, believe crime is caused by relative deprivati
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Biological factors
Hernstein and Wilson argue that biological differences between individuals make some individuals more predisposed to crime. For instance, personality traits such as aggression and low impulse control signify people who are at greater risk of offending. In
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Poor socialisation
Murray argues crime is increasing due to the mounting underclass defined by their deviant behaviour.
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Rational choice theory
Clarke believes the decision to commit a crime is based on a rational calculation of consequences. If perceived rewards outweigh costs, people are more likely to offend.
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Relative deprivation
Lea and Young argue that relative deprivation leads to crime because people who are deprived resent others having more material goods than them, thus resorting to illegitimate means to achieve the same level of materials.
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Subcultures
Subcultures form as a collective solution to relative deprivation, and some may turn to crime in order to close the ‘deprivation gap’.
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Marginalisation
Marginalised groups lack clear goals and organisations to represent them, which leads to frustration and resentment. In turn, they express this frustration through criminal acts such as violence and rioting.
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Zero tolerance policing
A zero-tolerance policy to undesirable behaviour such as prostitution, begging and drunkenness. Police should patrol the streets and take a ‘short, sharp, shock’ approach, and carry out on stop and search on suspicious characters.
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Wilson and Kelling
The broken window thesis - it is essential to maintain orderly characteristics of neighbourhoods and reduce any signs of crime immediately.
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Target hardening
If you making it harder to commit crime (Eg. by locking doors) this will reduce the rewards and act as a deterrent.
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Policing and control
Policing must be made accountable to local communities, and need to improve their relationship with such communities by spending more time investigating crime, and involving the community in making policing policy.
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Tackling structural causes of crime
Reduce inequality of opportunity, discrimination and provide jobs for everyone.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Biological factors

Back

Hernstein and Wilson argue that biological differences between individuals make some individuals more predisposed to crime. For instance, personality traits such as aggression and low impulse control signify people who are at greater risk of offending. In

Card 3

Front

Poor socialisation

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Rational choice theory

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Relative deprivation

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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