Rationalism v Empiricism pt. 1

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Empiricism/Concept Empiricism
The ultimate source of knowledge is experience. We are born knowing nothing. Everything we know comes from our 5 senses. A posteriori knowledge.
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Rationalism
The ultimate source of knowledge is reason and logic. Mathematics is a template to the theory. The knowedge is certain, logical, and endured for all time. A priori knowedge.
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Innate Ideas
Associated with rationalism. We are born with these ideas prior to experience. E.g. morality, numbers, universal concepts, language, causation and the idea of God.
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Empiricists
David Hume, John Locke, J S Mill, George Berkeley.
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Rationalists
Descartes, Leibniz, Plato, Francis Hutcheson, Kant, Spinoza.
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Tabula Rasa
Latin for 'blank slate'. Empiricist view that contradicts innate ideas put forward by Locke. We are born kowing nothing. *An Essay Concerning Human Understanding*
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Sense Impressions
What we directly take in through our senses e.g. sunlight, the taste of tea.
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Concepts
What we are able to think about when we are not directly perceiving something. E.g. I can imagine sunlight and recognise it when I see it despite not currently experiencing it.
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David Hume on unexperienced concepts e.g. dragons
"... all this creative power of the mind amounts merely to the ability to combine, transpose, enlarge, or shrink the materials that the senses and experience provide us with."
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Simple Concept/Ideas
Simple ideas consist of a single element e.g. the colour red, the smell of tea, the sound of a trumpet. Simple ideas derive from simple impressions.
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Complex Concepts/Ideas
Various simple ideas merged together e.g. a gold mountain, a unicorn.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The ultimate source of knowledge is reason and logic. Mathematics is a template to the theory. The knowedge is certain, logical, and endured for all time. A priori knowedge.

Back

Rationalism

Card 3

Front

Associated with rationalism. We are born with these ideas prior to experience. E.g. morality, numbers, universal concepts, language, causation and the idea of God.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

David Hume, John Locke, J S Mill, George Berkeley.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Descartes, Leibniz, Plato, Francis Hutcheson, Kant, Spinoza.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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