Rates, equilibrium and pH 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryRatesEquilibriaA2/A-levelOCR Created by: Kat098Created on: 16-04-18 09:10 Rate of reaction Change in concentration of a reactant or a product per unit time 1 of 32 Rate constant, k the constant that links the rate of reaction with the concentrations of the reactants raised to the powers of their orders 2 of 32 Rate equation rate = k[A][B] 3 of 32 Half-life Time taken for the concentration of the reactant to reduce by half 4 of 32 Reaction mechanism A series of steps that make up the overall reaction 5 of 32 Rate-determining step The slowest step in a reaction mechanism of a multi-step reaction 6 of 32 Intermediate A species formed in one step of a multi-step reaction that is used up in another step 7 of 32 Arrhenius plot A graph of lnk=lnA - Ea/R x 1/T, where k is plotted agaisnt 1/T 8 of 32 InA Y-intercept 9 of 32 -Ea/R Gradient 10 of 32 Homogeneous equilibrium An equilibrium where all speices are in the same physical state 11 of 32 Heterogeneous equilibrium An equilibrium where the species are in different physical states 12 of 32 Kp )Partial pressure of products) / (partial pressure of reactants) 13 of 32 Partial pressures The pressure an individual gaseous substance would exert if it occupied a whole reaction vessel on its own 14 of 32 Mole fraction A measure of how much of a given substance is present in a reaction mixture 15 of 32 Bronsted-Lowry acid a proton, H+, donor 16 of 32 Bronsted-Lowry base a proton, H+, acceptor 17 of 32 Conjugate acid-base pairs A set of two speiceis that transform into eachother by gain or loss of a proton 18 of 32 Alkali A base that dissolves in water forming OH- ions 19 of 32 Neutralisation An acid and base react together to produce a salt and water 20 of 32 Strong acid An acid that completely dissociates in solution 21 of 32 Acid dissociation constant, Ka Ka = [H+][A-] / [HA] 22 of 32 pH pH = -log[H+] 23 of 32 [H+] [H+] = 10^-pH 24 of 32 Ionic product of water, Kw Kw = [H+][OH-] 25 of 32 Buffer solution A mixture that minimises pH changes on addition of small amounts of acid or base 26 of 32 Equivalence point Point in a titration when the volume of one solution has reacted exactly with the volume of the second solution 27 of 32 End point Point in a titration where an equal concentration of weak acid and conjugate base forms of the indicator 28 of 32 Indicator Has one colour in acid form, and a diffferent colour in conjugate base form 29 of 32 Phenolphthalein Indicator range 8 --> 10. clear --> pink 30 of 32 Bromothymol blue Indicator range 6 --> 7.5. Yellow --> blue 31 of 32 Methyl orange Indicator range 2.5 --> 4. Red --> yellow 32 of 32
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