Raine et al 1997

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What type of scan did Raine use?
PET
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What was the aim of Raine's study?
To test the hypothesis of whether murderers have different brain patterns to non-murderers and to identify areas of malfunction
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What was Raine's hypothesis?
That certain areas associated with violence in the brain will be more dysfunctional in murderers
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How many people were in the control group?
41 people
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How many murderers did Raine use and what were they all pleading?
41 pleading not guilty by reason of insanity
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Where did the murderers have less activity?
In the prefrontal, corpus callosum, left hemisphere and parteial areas
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Where did the murderers have more activity?
In their occipital lobes
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Who had an imbalance and what was this imbalance between?
The murderers had an imbalance between the two hemispheres
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Does this study support previous studies?
Yes
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What would we therefore assume that the murderers lack?
Guilt and emotion
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What was the conclusions of Raine's research?
That the brains of NGRI's and normal people are different
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How many women were there in the experimental group?
Two
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How many women were there in the control group?
Thirty nine
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Why did the murderers partake in Raine's study?
To gather evidence for their trials and cases
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How many of the murderers had a history of brain damage?
Twenty three
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How many schizophrenics were used in the experimental group?
Six
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How many of the murderers had a history of substance abuse?
Three
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How many of the murderers had an affective disorder?
Two
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How many of the murderers had epilepsy?
Two
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How many of the murderers had been diagnosed as hyperactive or having a learning disorder?
Three
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How many of the murderers had a paranoid personality disorder?
Two
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How many of the murderers were on medication?
None
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How was the control group formed?
By matching them with the murderers based on a variety of things
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How many schizophrenics were there in the control group?
Six
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How many of the control group was on medication?
None
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Was the control group matched on gender?
Yes
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What was the IV?
Whether the person was a murderer or not
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What was the DV?
The measures of activity found by the PET scans
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Did Raine use practice tests?
Yes
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What task did the pps have to perform after the tracer had been injected?
A continuous performance test on target recognition
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How long did it take for the trace to uptake?
32 minutes
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In the tasks taken before the scans, was there any difference between the performance of the murderers and the control group?
No
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What is a weakness of the sample?
It can only be generalised to NGRI's
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What is a strength of the sample?
It is large
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Does the study explain the differences in brain patterns?
No
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Card 2

Front

What was the aim of Raine's study?

Back

To test the hypothesis of whether murderers have different brain patterns to non-murderers and to identify areas of malfunction

Card 3

Front

What was Raine's hypothesis?

Back

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Card 4

Front

How many people were in the control group?

Back

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Card 5

Front

How many murderers did Raine use and what were they all pleading?

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