Raine et al. (1997) - Biological

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How many participants were used in the study?
41 - 39 men and 2 women
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What was the experiment testing?
Brain activity in murderers compared to non-murderers, to see if murder is due to nature or nurture
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What type of experimental design was used?
Matched pairs design
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What weren't participants allowed to do before testing?
Take medication for two weeks
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Why were participants injected with a commonly used radioactive glucose tracer (FDG)?
To increase brain activity in the frontal lobes of normal participants
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What type of scanner were the participants transferred to?
PET scan
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In the lateral and medial pre-frontal cortex, murderers showed much less...
Glucose metabolism
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What is the function of the pre-frontal cortex?
Allows you to make rational decisions
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Murderers have abnormal activity associated with...
Lack of fear, lowered self-control and low IQ
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Can this study be generalised?
No - hardly any females were used
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Was the sample of murderers representative of all murderers?
No - only used those who pleaded not guilty due to insanity
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What are the weaknesses of using a matched pairs design?
Individual differences were ignored and something vital to the real cause of murdering may not be measured
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How can this study be applicable?
Lawyers can overthrow death sentences if there is evidence of brain abnormalities
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In a 20 year longitudinal study, Raine measured how 3 year olds learned fear. He found some showed little or no fear responses, despite being exposed to unpleasant noises. What did he find in these children 20 years later?
Were more likely to have a criminal record
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Before going into the scanner, what were participants asked to do?
Begin the continous performance task - Required brain programming
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the experiment testing?

Back

Brain activity in murderers compared to non-murderers, to see if murder is due to nature or nurture

Card 3

Front

What type of experimental design was used?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What weren't participants allowed to do before testing?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why were participants injected with a commonly used radioactive glucose tracer (FDG)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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