Quick Biological Approach Revision

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  • Created by: msahay
  • Created on: 21-10-19 12:54
What does the biological approach see behaviour rooted in?
Behaviour is rooted in individual's biology. Behaviour is affected by genes, biological structures, chemistry of body and evolution.
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Explain theory of evolution
Physical + psychological characteristics increase chances of survival + reproduction. Thus these advantageous characteristics will be passed on + inherited.
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What is genotype?
Unique combination of genes present in DNA of every cell in individual's body.
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What is phenotype?
Result of genes + environment interaction
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How can you study the effect of genes on behaviour?
Twin studies
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What are twin studies used for?
Used to assess to what extent psychological characteristics are genetically inherited or caused by the environment
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Name two conditions that can be partially genetically determined
Schizophrenia + intelligence
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What is concordance rate?
Twins where one has a characteristic e.g. schizo, we calculate a 'concordance rate' - average % probability that other twin will also have characteristic.
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If MZ twins have a higher concordance rate than DZ twins this means....?
The disorder is genetically determined to some extent.
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How can the body's chemistry influence behaviour?
Abnormal neurotransmitter and hormone levels e.g. excessive dopamine is associated with schizo
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What is brain localisation?
Link between brain structures and their functions
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Give an example of an invasive method
Electrical stimulation of the brain
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Give an example of a non-invasive method
MRI scans
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Relate the biological approach to another area
Biological explanation for OCD
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Expand on the scientific strength used by biological approach
Uses scientific methods e.g. lab experiments under controlled conditions to study biological structures and processes. This produces quantitative data that can be analysed statistically to find cause-effect relationships.
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Expand on practical strength application
Findings have resulted in treatments that reduce suffering e.g. antidepressants help depressives control low mood (better quality of life)
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Expand on biological approach's determinism
All behaviours are determined by biological roots - we have no free will or conscious control.
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Expand on biological approach's nature-nurture debate
Nature - e.g. behaviour is heritable. It does however, acknowledge the effect of the environment's interaction with genes (phenotype)
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Expand on biological approach's reductionism
Biologically reductionist - any behaviour is due to genetic, physiology or biochemistry. Reduces complexity of human behaviour.
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Expand on nomothetic approach
Variations in our common biology, physiology and biochemistry can explain behaviour. Uses experimental method to establish laws of behaviour.
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Expand on scientific methods
Most scientific
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Expand on animal extrapolation
Uses animals to study behaviour as they are physiologically similar to us
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Physical + psychological characteristics increase chances of survival + reproduction. Thus these advantageous characteristics will be passed on + inherited.

Back

Explain theory of evolution

Card 3

Front

Unique combination of genes present in DNA of every cell in individual's body.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Result of genes + environment interaction

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Twin studies

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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