Protons and neutrons are each made up of three quarks.
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What type of quarks are found in protons and neutrons?
Up-quarks and down-quarks.
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What is the charge and mass of an up quark?
Charge = 2/3 Mass = 1/3
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What is the charge and mass of a down quark?
Charge = -1/3 Mass = 1/3
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What three quarks make up a proton?
Two up quarks and one down quark which add together to create a positive charge (1) and mass (1)
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What three quarks make up a neutron?
Two down quarks and one up quark which add together to create a neutral (0) charge and a positive mass (1)
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How can a nucleus be made more stable?
If you convert a neutron into a proton or vice versa by changing an up quark to a down quark or vice versa, the number of protons/neutrons in a nucleus can be changed making it more stable.
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What happens to the charge?
The charge before and after the change must be equal.
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What must also be produced when a neutron is changed into a proton?
A negatively charged particle, an electron, must be produced in order to keep the overall charge as 0. This is B- decay.
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What must also be produced when a proton changes to a neutron?
A positively charged particle, a positron, is produced to keep the overall charge as +1. This is B+ decay.
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Card 2
Front
What type of quarks are found in protons and neutrons?
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