Pychology self report methods

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Interview
a meeting of people face to face, especially for consultation.
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Questionaire
Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview.
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Unstructured (informal) interviews
like a casual conversation. There are no set questions and the participant is given the opportunity to raise whatever topics he/she feels are relevant and ask them in their own way. In this kind of interview much qualitative data is likely to be col
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Structured (formal) interviews
like a job interview. There is a fixed, predetermined set of questions that are put to every participant in the same order and in the same way. The interviewer stays within their role and maintains social distance from the interviewee.
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Closed Questions
Closed questions structure the answer by allowing only answers which fit into categories that have been decided in advanced by the researcher. Data that can be placed into a category is called nominal data.
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Open Questions
Open questions allow people to express what they think in their own words. Open-ended questions enable the respondent to answer in as much detail as they likes in their own words. For example: “can you tell me how happy you feel right now?”
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semi-structured Interviews
interviews which follow certain prompts and perhaps a few questions but leave opportunity for interviewee to expand and explain and interviewer to ask questions.
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social desirability bias
type of response bias that is the tendency of survey respondents to answer questions in a manner that will be viewed favorably by others. It can take the form of over-reporting "good behavior" or under-reporting "bad", or undesirable behavior.
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A rating scale
A rating scale is a set of categories designed to elicit information about a quantitative attribute in social science. Common examples are the Likert scale and 1-10 rating scales for which a person selects the number which is considered to reflect th
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Likert scale
psychological measurement device that is used to gauge attitudes, values, and opinions. It functions by having a person complete a questionnaire that requires them to indicate the extent to which they agree or disagree with a series of statements.
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Response Bias
a general term for a wide range of cognitive biases that influence the responses of participants away from an accurate or truthful response.
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Acquiescence Bias
a category of response bias in which respondents to a survey have a tendency to agree with all the questions or to indicate a positive connotation
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Standardised Question
large sample size can be obtained which should be representative of the population, which a researcher can then generalize from. The questions are standardised. All respondents are asked exactly the same questions in the same order
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Emotive language
describes words and phrases meant to evoke an emotional response to a subject. Conversely, referential language represents the use of a word or phrase solely by its lexical definition, or denotation.
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Leading Questions
a question that encourages a particular desired answer, often because of the way that the question is phrased.
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Interviewer Bias
The distortion of response to a personal or telephone interview which results from differential reactions to the social style and personality of interviewers or to their presentation of particular questions.
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Ambiguous Question
Double-Barreled Questions and confusing question of which challenge the interviewees intelligence and require excessive cognitive thought.
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Pilot Studies
Pilot studies are small, trial versions of proposed studies to test their effectiveness and make improvements. They are helpful in identifying potential issues early, which can then be rectified before committing to the length and expense of a full i
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Interview Schedule
a set of prepared questions designed to be asked exactly as worded. Interviews schedules have a standardised format which means the same questions are asked to each interviewee in the same order.
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Group Interview
when you are in a group of candidates, you are all answering questions as a group of interviewers receiving questions off one interviewee
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Questionnaires can be thought of as a kind of written interview.

Back

Questionaire

Card 3

Front

like a casual conversation. There are no set questions and the participant is given the opportunity to raise whatever topics he/she feels are relevant and ask them in their own way. In this kind of interview much qualitative data is likely to be col

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

like a job interview. There is a fixed, predetermined set of questions that are put to every participant in the same order and in the same way. The interviewer stays within their role and maintains social distance from the interviewee.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Closed questions structure the answer by allowing only answers which fit into categories that have been decided in advanced by the researcher. Data that can be placed into a category is called nominal data.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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