Time scale of 5/10s, TR not as good as EEG, sluggish signal, Good SR
2 of 25
Experimental design: Block design
Block stimuli
3 of 25
Event-related
Space individual stimuli apart, weaker signal
4 of 25
MRI: Speed in which they return is not the same, which?
White matter, slower, Grey matter, quicker
5 of 25
Voxel based morphometry (VBM)
Measure how much density there is present for each pixel of the brain, grey or white matter, can compare between groups or correlate
6 of 25
Diffusion Tensor Imaging DTI
Water molecules randomly, isotrophy. BUT in constrained enviroment, water molecules diffuse more easily among 1 axis, amostrophy
7 of 25
White or grey matter?
Grey matter: water molecules can go about everywhere, all directions, white matter along fibres, measure direction, can then measure white matter fibres
8 of 25
What does DTI offer?
What areas of the brain are linked, work together, between groups, Good SR, no TR
9 of 25
Magnetoencephalography MEG
Improvement to try and find where, looks at synaptic- the electricity surrounding it, generates magnetic fields, measure MF, perpendicular to scalp
10 of 25
Limitations or strengths of MEG?
Weak unit of measuring strength, have to sheild room, effort, Pretty
11 of 25
MRI:
Orientation of spinning protons is randomly distributed, exposure to MF of MRI scanner aligns orientation of protons. Radio freq. is applied, axes of protons shifted in predictable manner, puts protons elevated energy.
12 of 25
Single cell recording:
Humans in presurgical planning, electrode inserted in brain, close to neuron, measure electric fields, can measure when AP is fired
13 of 25
Benefits of single cell recording
AD: Excellent SR and TR, but invasive
14 of 25
Electroencephalography
Less invasive, electricity in the brain, measure activity, synaptic transmission is electrical, measure ongoing activity
15 of 25
Event related potential
Present stimulus, measure activity on scalp, continuous measure, gives a ERP, stimulus at time rate 0, we get the average, Excellent TR, Poor SR, can't see where
16 of 25
Transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS
When we mildly change the brain to stimulate brain lesion patients
17 of 25
Electromagnetic induction
Coil, fire, electric field, generates MF, induces electric field within the field, neurons fire, 'virtual lesion' if disrupt neural signal, degraded percept
18 of 25
Limitation with TMS?
Have to know WHERE in the brain to do this
19 of 25
Ad and Limitations about Electromagnetic induction
Good SR, V.good TR, BUT small behavioural effect size, some areas we cannot target
20 of 25
Lesion: Advantages and Disadvantages
Large behavioural effect size, but poor SR and TR, suitable patients rare
21 of 25
Lesion method: Broca area
Broca area is single dissociation, lesion in area X, impaired functioning of A, area x important for A.
22 of 25
Wernicke and Broca area:
Double dissociation: Broca foun impaired speech prod. but intact speech comprehension, but then Wernicke found impaired speech comprehension and intact production
23 of 25
Visual stimulation:
Back of brain, increase activity eyes open, those areas important for visual stimulation. Ad, v good SR poor TR
24 of 25
Position emission tomography PET
Injected with radioactive tracer which takes about 30s to reach the brain. Collides with electron, 2 photons created. Scanner detects and see where come from. Good SR, Poor TR, invasive
25 of 25
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Haemodynamic response function
Back
Time scale of 5/10s, TR not as good as EEG, sluggish signal, Good SR
Card 3
Front
Experimental design: Block design
Back
Card 4
Front
Event-related
Back
Card 5
Front
MRI: Speed in which they return is not the same, which?
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