Puberty And Lactation

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Puberty Onset
Hypothalamus produces high amounts of GnRH. (Thought to be triggered by leptin?). Causes pituitary to secrete LH and FSH. Males: FSH->Testes->Sertoli Cells->Spermatogenesis. LH->Testes->Leydig Cells->Testosterone.
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Differences in Male and Female
Many studies suggest oestrogen is the main reason women have more GH than men in puberty earlier on. Men have periods of nocturnal pulses of GH and don't tend to produce as much during the day.
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Growth Hormone Pt 1
Somatotropin (Peptide hormone) that stimulates growth, cell reproduction and regeneration in humans. Synthesised, secreted and stored by somatotropic cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland. Releases by pulses by hypothalamus
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Growth Hormone Pt 2
When there isn't enough GH, GHRF tells anterior pituitary to release GH.
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Lactation
Prolactin causes the breasts to grow and develop before the baby is born. Once the placenta is expelled; Oestrogen and Progesterone decrease. At the same time prolactin rises = milk production.
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Colostrum
1st milk produced during pregnancy. Full of antibodies and immunoglobins; protects newborns and laxative effect that helps them expel 1st stools called maconium.
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Prolactin Pt 1 Milk Production
Combined: Hypothalmus produced PLH + Nipple stimulation = Anterior pituitary producing prolactin. Prolactin stops periods by inhibting FSH and GnRH. Also suppresses ovulation.
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Prolactin Pt 2 Milk Production
Post-delivery milk production which is usually inhibited by oestrogen during pregnancy. During pregnancy helps breast tissue development
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Oxytoxin Pt 1 Milk Ejection
Hypothalamus + Nipple Stimulation + Cervix/Vaginal Distension result in production of Oxytoxin from the Posterior pituitary gland.
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Oxytoxin Pt 2 Milk Ejection
Oxytoxin increases uterine contractions during labour and helps post delivery milk ejection.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Many studies suggest oestrogen is the main reason women have more GH than men in puberty earlier on. Men have periods of nocturnal pulses of GH and don't tend to produce as much during the day.

Back

Differences in Male and Female

Card 3

Front

Somatotropin (Peptide hormone) that stimulates growth, cell reproduction and regeneration in humans. Synthesised, secreted and stored by somatotropic cells within the lateral wings of the anterior pituitary gland. Releases by pulses by hypothalamus

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

When there isn't enough GH, GHRF tells anterior pituitary to release GH.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Prolactin causes the breasts to grow and develop before the baby is born. Once the placenta is expelled; Oestrogen and Progesterone decrease. At the same time prolactin rises = milk production.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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