SSRIs (e.g fluorextine) for serotonin system in brain, serotonin released by presynaptic neurons & across synapse & then to post-synpatic neurone. serotoning not absorbed returns to presynaptic so SSRIs block front & imbalance of serotonin restored
1 of 15
alternatives to SSRIs?
Tricyclics which works same way as SSRIs but have more severe side effects or SNRIs can be used which increases serotonin levels & another neurotransmitter called noradrenaline
2 of 15
what is Beck's cognitive explanation of depression?
he suggested some are more vulnerable to depression than others as their cognitions create this vulnerability. 3 parts: faulty info processing (ignore positives), negative self schema and the negative triad.
3 of 15
advs of Beck's cognitive theory?
1) developed cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) which led to success in reducing depression so suggests negative thoughts contribute, 2) Grazioli & Terry - 65 pregnant cog. vun. & depression before/after birth, high cog van = post natal depression
4 of 15
disadvs of beck's cognitive theory?
explains basic symptoms but not all aspects e.g hallucinations
5 of 15
What is Ellis' ABC model (cognitive explanation for depression)?
Ellis proposed good health is result of rational thinking so depression (poor mental health) is result of irrational thoughts. 3 stages of how irrational thoughts affect: Activating event, Beliefs that are irrational, Consequences
6 of 15
advs of Ellis' ABC model?
practical application as it developed REBT where challenging negative beliefs resulted in reduction of depression proving irrational beliefs contribute to depression
7 of 15
disadvs of Ellis' ABC model?
1) limited theory as explains aspects of depression but not all e.g hallucinations
8 of 15
what is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression?
identifies negative thoughts about the world, the self and the future and challenges them. researcher set hw to think of positive event (patient as scientist) & used as evidence to challenge thoughts & prove they're irrational
9 of 15
advs of CBT?
March et al supported the fact that CBT is effective as 81% of depressives improved when given CBT therapy and so did those with anti-depressant drugs, 86% improvement with combo. proves CBT just as effective as drugs
10 of 15
what is Ellis' REBT? (therapy for depression)
extends ABC model to ABCDE (dispute & effect. 1) identify irrational beliefs, challenge using vigorous arg: empirical arg.(is there ev. to support belief), logical arg., pragmatic disputing (is thinking this useful?) then then beliefs are changed
11 of 15
advs of REBT?
David et al - 170 patients treated with REBT and had better outcomes than those treated with the drug fluorextine when analysed 6 months after treatment, proves REBT has better long term effects
12 of 15
what is the biological explanation of OCD?
suggests OCD is caused by genes that create vulnerability to OCD, the diathesis stress model says genes predispose people to mental disorders & then environmental experience triggers it.
13 of 15
what did Taylor find that supported the biological explanation of OCD?
found that 230 genes may be involved in OCD e.g those associated with dopamine and serotonin (mood regulators)
14 of 15
what is the neural explanation of OCD?
OCD genes effect key neurotransmitters, e.g serotonin regulates mood & pet scans show low levels in OCD patients. Some cases have impaired decision making= abnormal functioning of lateral frontal lobe, parahippocampal gyrus processes bad emotions.
15 of 15
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
alternatives to SSRIs?
Back
Tricyclics which works same way as SSRIs but have more severe side effects or SNRIs can be used which increases serotonin levels & another neurotransmitter called noradrenaline
Card 3
Front
what is Beck's cognitive explanation of depression?
Comments
No comments have yet been made