Psychopathology

?
What are the four definitions of abnormality?
Statistical infrequency, Deviation from social norms, Failure to function adequately, Deviation from ideal mental health
1 of 26
What is statistical infrequency?
When an individual has a less common characteristic
2 of 26
What is deviation from social norms?
When an individual behaviours different from the accepted standards
3 of 26
What is failure to function adequately?
When an individual is unable to cope with ordinary demands of day-to-day living
4 of 26
What is deviation from ideal mental health?
When an individual does not meet a set of criteria for good mental health as suggested by Jahoda
5 of 26
What are the behavioural characteristics of phobias?
Panic, Avoidance, Endurance
6 of 26
What are the emotional characteristics of phobias?
Anxiety, Unreasonable emotional responses
7 of 26
What are the cognitive characteristics of phobias?
Selective attention, Irrational beliefs, Cognitive distortions
8 of 26
What are the behavioural characteristics of depression?
Low activity levels, Disrupted sleep and eating, Aggression, Self harm
9 of 26
What are the emotional characteristics of depression?
Lowered mood, Anger, Lowered self-esteem
10 of 26
What are the cognitive characteristics of depression?
Poor concentration, Dwelling on the negative, Absolutist thinking
11 of 26
What are the behavioural characteristics of OCD?
Compulsions, Avoidance
12 of 26
What are the emotional characteristics of OCD?
Anxiety, Distress, Depression, Disgust, Guilt
13 of 26
What are the cognitive characteristics of OCD?
Obsessive thoughts, Strategies, Insight into anxiety
14 of 26
What is the two-process model?
The behavioural approach to explaining phobias as suggested by Mowrer in 1960. Acquisition by classical conditioning and maintenance by operant conditioning
15 of 26
Evaluate the two-process model
Good explanatory power and useful for treatments, gives an alternative explanation for avoidance, but it is incomplete as it doesn't include evolutionary factors
16 of 26
How do you treat phobias?
Systematic desensitisation and flooding
17 of 26
What are the stages of systematic desensitisation?
Anxiety hierarchy, Relaxation, Exposure
18 of 26
What is flooding?
When an individual is exposed to an extreme form of the phobic stimulus to reduce the anxiety it triggers.
19 of 26
What is the negative triad?
Proposed by Beck, it suggests three things that contribute to someone becoming depressed. Negative views of the world, the future and oneself
20 of 26
What is Ellis's ABC model?
Suggests an activating event triggers an irrational belief which produces a consequence, such as depression
21 of 26
What is CBT?
Cognitive behaviour therapy, a method used to treat disorders which challenges negative thoughts
22 of 26
What is the diathesis-stress model?
Suggests that certain genes mean some people are more likely to suffer a mental disorder, but that environmental stress is necessary to trigger it
23 of 26
What is the genetic explanation of OCD?
Polygenic, more than one gene can cause OCD. Evidence shows 68% of identical twins shared OCD compared to 31% of non-identical twins
24 of 26
What is the neural explanation?
That a reduction in serotonin many stop the normal transmission of mood-relevant information
25 of 26
What are SSRI's?
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors, which prevent the re-absorption and breakdown of serotonin to increase its levels in the synapse
26 of 26

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is statistical infrequency?

Back

When an individual has a less common characteristic

Card 3

Front

What is deviation from social norms?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is failure to function adequately?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is deviation from ideal mental health?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Abnormality resources »