PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
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- Created by: Bethel💖
- Created on: 03-10-17 15:51
ABC Model
Ellis' explanation for how irrational thoughts affect behaviour A= activating event, B+ beliefs, C= consequences
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Avoidance
The act of staying away from something (e.g. the phobic object or situation)
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Basal Ganglia
Region of the brain involved in the coordination of movement that has been linked to OCD
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Benzodiazepines
Antianxiety drugs used to treat OCD as they have a quietening effect on the brain and reduce anxiety causes by obsessive thoughts
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Bipolar Depression
Condition where a person has periods of elevated mood (mania) as well as periods of depression
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Catastrophising
Cognitive error where you exaggerate a minor setback and turn it into a major disaster
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CBT
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a commonly used therapy which involves challenging and replacing irrational thoughts
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Compulsion
An irresistible urge to behave in a certain way
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Counter-conditioning
Learning a new response to the phobic object/situation e.g. replacing fear with relaxation
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Deviation from ideal mental health
Not meeting a criteria which suggests your are mentally healthy
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Deviation from social norms
A behaviour that deviates from social norms is one that is very different from how we would expect people to behave
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Dopamine
Higher levels of this neurotransmitter have been associated with the compulsions shown by OCD patients
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DSM
The standard classification of mental disorders used in the United States.
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Failure to function adequately
When a person's behaviour means they are unable to cope with the demands of everyday life
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Fear hierarchy
A list of situations related to the phobic object arrenged in order from the least to the most frightening
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Flooding (in-vitro)
Behavioural treatment for a phobia which involves imagined exposure to the phobic object/situation without being able to escape
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Flooding (in-vivo)
Behavioural treatment for a phobia which involves actual exposure to the phobic object/situation without being able to escape
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Negative self-schemas
Negative information we hold about ourselves based on negative past experiences that can lead to cognitive biases
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Negative triad
Three types of negative thinking (self, the world and the future) that Beck suggested occur automatically in people who are depressed
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Orbifrontal cortex
An area of the brain which converts sensory information into thoughts and actions- higher activity has been found here in OCD patients
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Overgeneralisation
Cognitive error where you make a sweeping conclusion from a single incident
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Selective attention
Focusing on piece of information whilst ignoring other information viewed as irrelevant
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Serotonin
Neurotransmitter which regulates mood -lower leves are associated with OCD
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Simple/Specific phobia
Irrational fear of an object (e.g. spiders) or situation (e.g. flying)
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Social norm
The rules of behaviuor that are considered acceptable in a group or society
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SSRIs
Antidepressant drugs used to treat OCD which work by preventing the re-absorption and breakdown of serotonin
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Statisctical frequency
A behaviour that is statistically infrequent does not happen very often
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Systematic desensitisation
A behaviour therapy designed to gradually reduce a phobia through the principle of classical conditioning
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Two-process model
Behavioural explanation for phobias which suggests they are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The act of staying away from something (e.g. the phobic object or situation)
Back
Avoidance
Card 3
Front
Region of the brain involved in the coordination of movement that has been linked to OCD
Back
Card 4
Front
Antianxiety drugs used to treat OCD as they have a quietening effect on the brain and reduce anxiety causes by obsessive thoughts
Back
Card 5
Front
Condition where a person has periods of elevated mood (mania) as well as periods of depression
Back
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