Statistical Infrequency, Deviation from Social Norms, Failure to Function Adequately and Deviation from Ideal Mental Health
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Give 3 features of abnormality according to Rosenham and Seligman.
(Any of) Personal distress, Maladaptive behaviour, unpredictability, observer discomfort, violation of moral and ideal standards and irrationality
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Give 3 things needed for ideal mental health according to Jahoda.
(Any of) Positive attitude towards self, potential for growth and development, autonomy, resistance to stress, environmental mastery an accurate perception of reality
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What is a phobia?
An extreme, irrational fear leading to intense anxiety and avoidance of an object or situation
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What are the 3 types of phobias according to DSM?
Specific phobia (object), social phobia (social situation) and agrophobia (being away from safe place)
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What are the behavioural characteristics of phobias?
Avoidance of the object/situation and panic which may lad to crying, freezing or running.
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What are the emotional characteristics of phobias?
Marked and unreasonable fear and anxiety
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What are the cognitive characteristics of phobias?
Irrational beliefs and selective attention.
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What is depression?
A change of mood
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What are the behavioural characteristics of deression?
Reduced energy, insomnia, reduced/incresed appetite and self-harm
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What are the emotional characteristics of depression?
Feeling sad, worthless, low self-esteem and despair.
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What are the cognitive charactetistics of depression?
Negative thoughts, negative self-belief, guilt, worthlessness, negative view of the world and poor concentration.
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What is OCD?
A type of anxiety disorder
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What are the behavioural characteristics of OCD?
Repetive Compulsive behaviours and avoidance.
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What are the emotional characteristics of OCD?
Anxiety, distress, embarrassment, shame and guilt.
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What are the cognitive characteristics of OCD?
Recurrent intrusive thoughts or impulses.
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What is the behavioural approach to treating phobias?
Systematic De-sensitisation and Flooding
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What is the cognitive approach to treating depression?
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