Psychology - Research Methods A

Approaches to the Scientific Method

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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Replication?
This means repeating an experiment and getting similiar results. If it can not be repeated then the results could be a fluke. Standardised details of the original study need to published so that it can be repeated again in the future.
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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Objectivity?
Objectivity is where the researcher can not let expectations, personal prejudices or emotions affect the results.
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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Theory Construction?
Science gains facts, psychologists use these facts to construct a theory which explains natural phenomena around them. A theory is a collection of principles, research evidence helps to develop theories.
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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Hypothesis testing?
A hypothesis is a prediction of what your investigation is going to do, it can be supported or rejected. Research is done to test a hypothesis so that a theory can be developed. Predictions can be made from these results.
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Key Features of the scientific method - What is the Empirical method?
The Empirical method is data collected from direct observation rather than a theory. Rational research is based on argument rather than direct observation.
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Conventions of a report - What is an Abstract?
150 words made up of what the experiment and article includes so that anyone reading knows if it is the right article for them.
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Conventions of a report - What is an Introduction?
A review of research related to the experiment, also including a hypothesis, aim and predictions.
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Conventions of a report - What does a Method include?
Sampling technique, type of experiment, operationalised IV and DV, step by step procedure, materials being used, pilot study and justifications of ethical considerations.
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Conventions of a report - What is in the Results section?
Results are displayed in either graph or table form, it also includes central tendency and standard deviation.
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Conventions of a report - What is a Discussion?
An explanation of behaviour that has been observed, it also considers implications and suggestions of improvement.
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Conventions of a report - What is a Reference?
References are all the details of books, articles and newspapers that you have used to gain information for your own report.
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What is Peer Review?
An assessment done by a psychologist in the same field who looks at your report to see if it should be written up in a journal.
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What is the purpose of Peer Review?
To ensure quality assurance.
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What is the process of Peer reviewing?
The report gets sent to the editor who sends it out to 3 psychologists in the field.
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Evaluation- Pitfalls, What is the file drawer problem?
Only articles that have a supporting hypothesis are written up into a journal whereas the others are put into a filing cabinet.
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How can Peer Reviewing be biased?
Institutions such as universities have their articles published before colleges.
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Card 2

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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Objectivity?

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Objectivity is where the researcher can not let expectations, personal prejudices or emotions affect the results.

Card 3

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Key Features of the scientific method - What is Theory Construction?

Back

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Card 4

Front

Key Features of the scientific method - What is Hypothesis testing?

Back

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Card 5

Front

Key Features of the scientific method - What is the Empirical method?

Back

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