Psychology - Relationships 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyRelationshipsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: IzzieCaitlinCreated on: 28-05-15 15:34 What is the halo effect? When one good characteristic blinds partner of all bad 1 of 22 What is the mere exposure hypothesis? The more you're exposed to something, the more you like it 2 of 22 What is the basis of Merstein's exposure hypothesis? Finding the best possible partner without rejection 3 of 22 What is Byrne & Clore's reward/need satisfaction model? In a relationship, rewards and satisfaction of needs are recieved 4 of 22 What is operant conditioning? Desirable & undesirable consequences = more & less frequent behaviour 5 of 22 What is classical conditioning? Association 6 of 22 What are three examples of ways to maintain relationships? 1.Compromise 2.Communication 3.Honesty 7 of 22 What does Thibaut & Kelley's social exchange theory suggest? All social behaviour is a set of social exchanges & there are rewards and costs within a relationship 8 of 22 What are the four stages in Thibaut & Kelley's four stage model? 1.Sampling 2.Bargaining 3.Commitment 4.Institutionalisation (*a relationship is maintained if reward exceeds costs & profit exceeds an alternative) 9 of 22 What is the basis of the equity theory? Fairness in a relationship (greater inequality, greater unhappiness) 10 of 22 What is sexual selection? Passing on traits that are selected because they improve the 'attractiveness' of an individual making them a 'good mate' 11 of 22 What does parental investment theory suggest? That women are more prepared than males for dealing with parenting 12 of 22 What are the two key points influencing maternal investment? 1.Infant dependence on the mother (brain size) 2.Certainty of maternity = greater investment 13 of 22 What are the three key points influencing paternal investment? 1.Focus on courtship & copulation (males can opt out) 2.Danger of cuckoldry 3.Shift from mating to parenting 14 of 22 What is the summary of what males & females compete for in parental investment? Males compete for quantity and females compete for quality 15 of 22 What does Shaver suggest are the three behavioural systems acquired in infancy that effect love in adulthood? 1.Attachment 2.Caregiving 3.Sexuality 16 of 22 What are the effects of childhood abuse (physical & sexual) on later relationships? Physical abuse = depression, anxiety, anger. Sexual = difficulty forming healthy relationships. Both = inability to trust, distancing & self-isolation 17 of 22 How do childhood friendships effect future relationships? Children learn experiences from friends & friends promote feelings of trust & acceptance 18 of 22 What happens in the later stages of childhood? Attachment shifts from parents to peers 19 of 22 What two purposes do relationships in adolescence serve as? 1.Achieve goal of separation from parents 2.Different type of emotional & physical intimacy 20 of 22 What is the overall view on adolescents dating? Some adolescent dating = advantageous, too much dating = maladaptive 21 of 22 What is the difference between men and women in terms of sexual and emotional jealousy? (men) unfaithful mate = investing in offspring not his own. (women) unfaithful mate = diversion of resources away from her & her offspring 22 of 22
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