Psychology - Loftus and Palmer

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What is the basic background of Loftus and Palmers study?
Memory is influenced by different factors such as interference and information recieved after the event. Loftus wanted to look at what may influence eye witnesses in court and the reliability of an eye witness testimony
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What is the aim of Loftus and Palmers study?
Investigation into the effect of leading questions on memory of an event. Specifically the effect of a verb change on speed estimates and what was actually seen.
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What Research Method was used?
Both experiments were Laboratory Experiments.
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What was the IV and DV of Experiment 1?
IV - The verb (smashed, hit, collided, bumped and contacted) DV - Estimated speed in Mph
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What was the IV and DV of Experiment 2?
IV - Verb used (Smashed, Hit or No verb) DV - Reporting broken glass one week later
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Who were the Participants in Experiment 1 and what Sampling method was used
45 undergraduate students from Uni of Washington, which was an opportunity sample
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Who were the Participants in Experiment 2 and what Sampling method was used?
150 different undergraduate students from Uni of Washington, opportunity sample
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What was the basic procedure for experiment 1?
45 P's split into 5 groups of 9, each shown 7 video clips of car accidents (varied), asked q's in questionnaire with one critial question " How fast were the cars going when they .... each other" the IV was the verb used in the critical question.
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What was the basic procedure for experiment 2?
150 P's were split into 3 groups. Shown 1 clip of 1 minute car crash which lasted 4 secs. Group 1 were asked how fast cars were when they "smashed" whilst group 2 was asked "hit" and group 3 a control. 1 week later they were all asked if broken glass
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What were two results of Exp 1
Smashed 40.5mph and Contacted 31.8mph
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What were 3 results of Exp 2
1. Smashed 16/50 yes. 2. Hit 7/50 yes. 3. No speed 6/50.
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What was a conclusion of this study
Memory is made up of what we experience at the event and information we receive after. Language can influence recall. Therefore witness testimonies may not be reliable.
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Card 2

Front

What is the aim of Loftus and Palmers study?

Back

Investigation into the effect of leading questions on memory of an event. Specifically the effect of a verb change on speed estimates and what was actually seen.

Card 3

Front

What Research Method was used?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the IV and DV of Experiment 1?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the IV and DV of Experiment 2?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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