Psychology cognitive


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What is EWT
the evidence given in court by a person who has witnessed a crime/incident with a view to identifying the perpetrator of the crime.
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What is the case study concerning the accuracy of EWT
Case study of Jennifer Thompson who accused the wrong man of attacking her and getting put in life imprisonment.
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What are the different factors that can influence EWT
emotional states - anxiety, misleading information and the way that questions are asked.
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what is the definition of a leading question
a question that by its form or content, suggests to the witness what answer is desired or leads them to a desired answer.
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what study, by whom, aimed to look at the impact of leading questions on memory
Loftus study. Did a lab experiment with 150 ppts and showed them a clip of a car accident. split into 2 groups and one group was asked a leading question. when asked later 17.3% group 2 gave incorrect info about a barn and only 2.7% from group 1
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What other study looked at misleading information
Loftus and Zanni did a lab experiment and showed ppts a clip of a car accident and then asked questions. half were asked if they had seen A broken headlight, the other THE broken headlight. 17% asked about THE said they had seen one and only 7% other
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What is a schema
a script of events that each individual has of people/events
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Describe what List did in her experiment
drew up a list of elements that might occur during a shoplifting incident, asked them to rate them in terms of how likely they thought they would happen. she then made a video involving things that were high and low probabilities of occurring.
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does anxiety affect recall
the emotional state caused by anxiety can impair the ability to both encode and retrieve memories.
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what did deffenbacher use to explain the effect of anxiety on recall, and what did he find
used the yerkes-dodson law (inverted u). moderate amounts of emotional arousal improve the detail and accuracy of memory but too much or too little decrease the accuracy and detail.
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what evidence supports the yerkes-dodson law
Ginet and Verkampt. Produced moderate anxiety in ppts by telling them that fake electrodes gave electric shocks. and had to recall details of a traffic accident. other ppts were told that the electrodes were just for show. the ppts w mod arousal ^EWT
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Who conducted a study aiming to see whether a weapon would have an influence on recall and what were the findings
loftus - the weapon focus effect. found that (no weapon) 49% ppts gave accurate info, (weapon) ppts 33% gave accurate info
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What is a further study supporting Loftus's weapon focus effect
loftus and burns
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who conducted a natural experiment which found that emotional arousal may actually enhance the accuracy of memory
Christian and Hubinette
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what study, by whom, aimed to see the effect of age on EWT
Coxon and Valentine
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What is the case study concerning the accuracy of EWT

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Case study of Jennifer Thompson who accused the wrong man of attacking her and getting put in life imprisonment.

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What are the different factors that can influence EWT

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what is the definition of a leading question

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