Psychology- Ch6

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Define consciousenss
Our moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environment
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What are the 4 properties of consciouness?
– Subjective & private – Dynamic (ever changing) – Self-reflective & central to our sense of self – Intimately connected with Selective Attention (the process that focuses awareness on some stimuli to the exclusion of others)
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What is the freudian viewpoint on consciouness?
the human mind consists of three levels of awareness: conscious mind, preconscious mental events and unconscious mental events
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What is the cognitive viewpoint?
reject the notion of an unconscious mind driven by instinctive urges and repressed conflicts. They view conscious and unconscious mental life as complementary forms of information processing that work in harmony.
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What is prosopagnosia?
When people can recognise objects but not faces
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What is visual agnosia?
When people cannot consciously perceive size, shape or orientation of objects
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What is priming?
describes how exposure to a stimulus influences how you subsequently respond to that same or another stimulus.
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What is masking used for?
to control whether people perceive a stimulus consciously or unconsciously.
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What does the global workspace model propose?
propose that consciousness arises from the unified, co-ordinated activity of multiple modules located in different brain areas.
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What does attentuate mean?
To attenuate something is to reduce the effect or power of something; for instance, to attenuate a sound you might reduce its amplitude by reducing the volume at which it is presented.
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What is feature integration theory?
a two-stage process describing how visual search includes explanations of how fields of visual distractors and targets are processed.
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What are sleep spindles?
periodic bursts of rapid brain wave activity
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What is spectral sex?
(sexual arousal experienced during a frightening extra-terrestrial attack)explained by the … • Paralysis • Nightmares • Sexual arousal …symptoms of REM sleep.
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How does the nature of the attack vary for different cultures?
. If American, more likely the attacker is an alien, if from Europe it is likely to be a ghost, and from a different area, some kind of monster. This shows how our culture can shape our experience.
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What is insomnia?
Refers to chronic difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep or experiencing restful sleep.
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What is paradoxial insomnia?
refers to people who complain of insomnia but sleep normally when examined in the laboratory.
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What is a cataplexy attack?
triggered by excitement/strong emotions. The person remains conscious but unable to move for a few seconds/minutes.
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What is a hypnagogic state?
the transitional state from wakefulness through to early stage-2 sleep. As this state continues, mental activity becomes less ‘thought-like’ and more ‘dream-like’.
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What are daydreams?
significant part of waking consciousness; provides stimulation during periods of boredom
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What is a fantasy prone personality?
individuals who often live in a vivid, rich fantasy world that they control. -Most are female -more susceptible to hypnosis
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During day dreams, people experience....
....• Greater visual imagery than other waking mental activities • Less vivid, emotional, & bizarre than nighttime dreams
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What is a neuromodulator?
special kind of neurotransmitter thats influence on the transmission of information across the synapse is widespread. e.g. endorphins- generalized pain relief and pleasure
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What is physiological dependence?
drug tolerance or withdrawal symptoms have developed.
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What is psychological dependence?
used to describe situations in which people strongly crave a drug because of its pleasurable effects, even if they are not physiologically dependent.
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What is alcohol myopia?
short-sighted thinking caused by the inability to pay attention to as much information as when sober. People who drink start to focus only on aspects of the situation (cues) that stand out.
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What is hypnosis?
a state of heightened suggestibility in which some people are able to experience imagined situations as if they were real
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What is hypnotic induction?
: the process by which one person leads another person into hypnosis
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What is a pseudomemory?
false memories created during hypnosis by statements or leading suggestions made by the examiner
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Card 2

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What are the 4 properties of consciouness?

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– Subjective & private – Dynamic (ever changing) – Self-reflective & central to our sense of self – Intimately connected with Selective Attention (the process that focuses awareness on some stimuli to the exclusion of others)

Card 3

Front

What is the freudian viewpoint on consciouness?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the cognitive viewpoint?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is prosopagnosia?

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