PSYCHOLOGY AS A SCIENCE

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scientific method
A scientific method consists of the collection of data through observation and experimentation and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.
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replicability
is a way of checking the reliability of research. if a test is repeated and we get the same result, than there is consistency which confirms our test is accurate.
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Objectivity
this means research done isnt dependant on the researchers opinion, it isnt influenced by their opinion.
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Empirical method
used to test our hypothesis and produce theories of behavior.
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deductive reasoning
deductive reasoning is CONCLUSIVE as it has scientific reasoning.
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inductive reasoning
inductive reasoning is INCONCLUSIVE because it doesnt offer scientific support. so if something usually works and has done in very observable case, we can induce from that the same thing will happen again.
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The generation of laws or principles
a general law or principle is a development of a scientific theory. the theory has been tested and retested and once there is enough evidence to support it, it is developed into a law. e.g. law of gravity.
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falsifiable
scientific
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non-falsifiable
not scientific
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KARL POPPER
he claimed that his theory or hypothesis is only scientific if it is falsifiable. there may be many pieces of research to support the theory but it only takes one piece to prove that it is wrong. if they can't,better support for the theory.
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PARSIMONY
the law of parsimony is if there are many explainations for the same phenomena, then the simplest explanation should be selected as it is the best one.
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THOMAS KUHN
descibed science as being a series of paradigms or ways of thinking about the world. each one has a way of looking at the wolrd. frued, behaviorism for example are different paradigms. this lead kuhn to believe that psych is only a pre-science
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four oppinions peer reviews can recommend
accept work unconditionally, accept it as long as it is improved in certain ways, rejecti it but suggests revisions to be made, reject it outright and then their veiws are considered by the peer review panel.
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main purposes of peer review
allocation of research funding, publication of research in scientific journals and books, assesing the research rating of university departments
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Card 2

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replicability

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is a way of checking the reliability of research. if a test is repeated and we get the same result, than there is consistency which confirms our test is accurate.

Card 3

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Objectivity

Back

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Card 4

Front

Empirical method

Back

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Card 5

Front

deductive reasoning

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