Study emphasizing the importance of early childhood experiences and the unconcious in our everyday lives. Sigmund Freud developed it.
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What is Behavioral Perspective?
Study that focuses on the behaviors that can be seen by others. The term "behaviorism" was coined by John Watson. Behaviorism asserts that behaviors are influences by environment.
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Who was Ivan Pavlov and?
Another pioneer in Behavioral Perspective. Pavlov trained a dog to salivate to the sound of a metronome. (Classical or Pavlovian conditioning)
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What is Humanistic Perspective?
Focuses on the individual as someone with potencial who is constantly striving to reach that potencial.(The emphasis is on an individual's free will and uniqueness) It emerged as a response of 2 perspectives: behavioral and psychodynamic.
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What is "self-actualization"?
The journey an individual takes to meet his highest potencial. (Explored by Abraham Maslow)
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What did therapist Carl Rogers did?
He developed an approach to theraphy known as "client-centered". Therapist treats the client with warmth, understanding and respect.
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What is Physiological Perspective?
Examines the connection between the body and mental health.
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What are the tests used by Physiological Scientists?
CAT(computerized axial tomography), MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) and EEG(electroencephalography) those tests study the pathways of the brain and its connection to the body. Scientist: Karl Lashley (made experiments to understand how brain works)
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What is Gestalt Perspective?
Focuses on our perceptions of the world. The pioneer associated is Maxx Wertheimer.
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What is Cognitive Perspective?
Focuses on the importance of thoughts. Our thoughts about a particular situation influence on our behavior. Aaron Beck and Martin Selingman are the pioneers.
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Who was Aaron Beck?
Developed an approach to therapy that helps people change their thougths and therefore change their behavior. The other pioneer was Martin Selingman.
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What is Sociocultural Perspective?
Focuses on the important role that culture plays on shaping who we are.Pioneer was Lev Vygotsky who emphasized the importance of including the influences from society and culture when trying to undertand human behavior.
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What are the 3 important issues on psychology?
Nature vs. Nurture, Person vs. Situation and Stability vs. Change
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What is Nature vs. Nurture controversy?
Are we a product of our genes or our environment? Psychologists agree that we are product of both.
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What is Person vs. Situation controversy?
Do we change depending on the environment or are we the same person wherever we go?
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What is Stability vs. Change controversy?
Are we fundamentally the same person throughout life, or can theraphy or self awareness change our perceptions and behaviors?
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Who was Wilhelm Hundt?
Back
Who created the first psychological laboratory. Wanted to treat psychology as a science.
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