psychology

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stress - everyday stress - risk factors
people drink,smoke, use drugs and gamble etc as a means to coping with daily hassles such as relationship problems, money worrues, and workplace stress. stressors contribute to initiation and continuation of addictions.
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stress - traumatic stress - risk factors
people exposed to severe stress are more vulnerbale to addictions especially children who have suffered from parental loss or child abuse. PTSD IS LINKED WITH ADDICTION. driessen 2008 found 30% of druggies and 15% of smokers suffered from PTSD.
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PEERS
peer pressure is citied as a reason why adolscents start taking drugs or smoking. smokers tend to befriend and non-smokers befriend non-smokers. transitions to increased levels of smoking are linked to peers encouragement and approval.
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peers - social learning theory
STL - bandura 1977- behaviours have learned through observation of others and subsequent modelling of this behaviour. young people are most likely to imitate people who they have had much more social contact with.
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social identity theory
abrams and hogg 1990 - group members adopt those norms and behaviours that are central to the social identity of the group to which they belong.
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Age
influence of peers on smoking and drug use appears to wane in later adolscents and the role of close friends and romatic opartners becomes more important as an influence on attitudes and behaviours. Social crowd have a bigger impact foir young ppl/
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personality -
addictive pesonality is appealing because itn explain why some people get addicted and others dont, considering that they can both have the same experience.it can explain why some people become addicted to a range of things such as gambling etc.
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neuroticism and psychoticism
eysnck propsed a biologically based theory of petsonality based on 3 things - extraversion- introversion, neuroticism and psychotiscism
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tridemensional theory
cloniger 1987 - proposed personality traits that preispose individuals towards substance dependence - novelty seeking, harm avoidence, reward dependence
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Card 2

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stress - traumatic stress - risk factors

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people exposed to severe stress are more vulnerbale to addictions especially children who have suffered from parental loss or child abuse. PTSD IS LINKED WITH ADDICTION. driessen 2008 found 30% of druggies and 15% of smokers suffered from PTSD.

Card 3

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PEERS

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Card 4

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peers - social learning theory

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Card 5

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social identity theory

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