Used consonant syllables, with no meaning, to be remembered by participants. They found that the STM has a limited duration i.e.- the longer the interval, the worse the recall levels
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Miller - STM Capacity
Responsible for identifying the capacity of the STM. 7 +/- 2 items. We remeber 5 words as easily as 5 letters, most often using the 'chunking' method.
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Atkinson & Shiffrin - MSM
Created the 'MSM' of Memory. Identified 3 main stores with processes in between.
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Sperling - Sensory Store
Used a grid of random letters and number to be recalled. Evidence for limited duration of the Sensory Store. The least you have to remember, the better the recall
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Glanzer & Cunitz - Serial Position Curve
Serial Position Curve. Words at the start of a list transferred to LTM. Words at the end are still in Sensory/STM.
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HM - Case Study
Evidence for numerous Memory Stores. Could not form new Long-term memories after an operation. Couldn't remember a task, despite showing evidence of improvement.
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Baddeley & Hitch - WMM
Created the 'WMM' of Memory. More detailed than the 'MSM' and a lot more evidence towards this Model.
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Baddeley - Dual Tasks
Gave participants two tasks simultaneously. Found that doing two tasks that involved the same components causes more difficulty.
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Baddeley - Phonological Loop
Found that words are easier to remember if they are shorter. The optimal length are words that you can pronounce in 2 seconds.
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Baddeley - Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad
Given two tasks involving Spatial Awareness. Task 1 was to follow a light around a room. The second task was either verbal/spatial. Two spatial tasks proved more difficult.
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Baddeley - Episodic Buffer
Found words that had some sort of meaning to a participant, were easier to remember and recall than words with no meaning.
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Bunge - Central Executive
Used fMRI scans to detect brain activity. Found larger activity during multiple tasks. Shows limited capacity of the Central Executive
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Responsible for identifying the capacity of the STM. 7 +/- 2 items. We remeber 5 words as easily as 5 letters, most often using the 'chunking' method.
Back
Miller - STM Capacity
Card 3
Front
Created the 'MSM' of Memory. Identified 3 main stores with processes in between.
Back
Card 4
Front
Used a grid of random letters and number to be recalled. Evidence for limited duration of the Sensory Store. The least you have to remember, the better the recall
Back
Card 5
Front
Serial Position Curve. Words at the start of a list transferred to LTM. Words at the end are still in Sensory/STM.
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