The researcher deliberately manipulates the IV and measures the effect on the DV, whilst having control over the extranous variable.
2 of 35
Advantages of Lab experiment
Has high validity due to high control, high reliability as it can be easily replicated by another researcher.
3 of 35
Disadvantages of Lab experiment
it may have low ecological validity and it is not always suitable for some research.
4 of 35
Field experiment
The researcher deliberately manipulates the IV to measure the effect of the DV, usually done in an everyday task and an everday environment. P's are unaware of the experiment.
5 of 35
Advantages of Field experiment
has greater ecological validity than lab experiment
6 of 35
Disadvantages of Field experiment
may be unethcial in relation to uninformed consent and has lower validity
7 of 35
Natural experiment
The IV is changed by natural occurance in the P's natural environment. The researcher just observes and records the effect of the DV.
8 of 35
Advantages of Natural experiment
Has good ecological validity.
9 of 35
Disadvantages of Natural advantages
Difficult to intfer cause and effect due to lack of control and it is difficult to replicate.
10 of 35
Quasi-experiment
This is not a true experiment and cannot randomly allocate P's to groups because they already exisit.
11 of 35
Advantages of Quasi-experiment
carrried out under controlled conditions and therefore share the same strengths as Lab experiments
12 of 35
Disadvantages of Quasi-expeiment
It is not completly random so we cannot be certain that the IV has caused change to the DV.
13 of 35
Pilot Studies
A small scale trial run to check that the procedures work. After the pilot study, the researchers usually make some changes to make the procedure work better.
14 of 35
Independent variable (IV)
The variable that is changed/manipulated by the researcher
15 of 35
Dependent variable (DV)
The varibale that alters and is measured.
16 of 35
Operationalising variables
Is being clear about what is being measured (number of words recllaed correclty, aggressive behaviour)
17 of 35
Directional hypothesis
Says which condition is expected to do better
18 of 35
Non-directional hypothesis
Says there will be a difference between the conditions but doesn't say which will be better.
19 of 35
Experimental designs
Repeated measures, Independent measures and match pairs
20 of 35
Repeated measures
Involves using the same participants in each of the condition, they repeat the task.
21 of 35
Advantages of reeated measures
It keeps individual differences constant so that indivdual differences is not an extranous variable so fewer particpants are required.
22 of 35
Disadvantage of Repeated measures
They have order effects which introduces an extranous variable, demand characterisitcs may become a problem.
23 of 35
Independent measures
Involved using different participants in each condition of the experiment.
24 of 35
Advantages of Independent measures
order effects and demand characterisitcs are less likely to occur
25 of 35
Disadvantges of Indpendent measures
The more participants are needed as they are only involved once in each condition.
26 of 35
Matched pairs
Involves using different but similar participants in each condition. Match the participants in each condition on relevant characterisitics.
27 of 35
Advantages of Matched pairs
Order effects and demand characterisitcs are less likely to occur.
28 of 35
Disadvantages of Matched pairs
Time consuming and less economical
29 of 35
Sampling Methods
Random, Systematic, Stratified, Opportunity and Volunteer Sampling
30 of 35
Random sampling
Population has an equal chance. Names in a hat or a name generator
31 of 35
Systematic sampling
every 5th person
32 of 35
Stratified sampling
divide and calculated by percentage / ratio
33 of 35
Opportunity sampling
whoever is avaliable at that time
34 of 35
Volunteer sampling
advertisment and their own involement
35 of 35
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The researcher deliberately manipulates the IV and measures the effect on the DV, whilst having control over the extranous variable.
Back
Lab experiment
Card 3
Front
Has high validity due to high control, high reliability as it can be easily replicated by another researcher.
Back
Card 4
Front
it may have low ecological validity and it is not always suitable for some research.
Back
Card 5
Front
The researcher deliberately manipulates the IV to measure the effect of the DV, usually done in an everyday task and an everday environment. P's are unaware of the experiment.
Comments
No comments have yet been made