Psychology - Paper 1 - Memory - Working memory model.

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Which 2 theorists developed the working memory model?
Baddeley and Hitch (1974)
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What does the updated model of the STM say?
Proposes that STM store is an active processor, STM isn't a unitary store - it's a flexible and complex system consisting of several components.
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What are the 4 components of the WMM?
Central executive, phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad, episodic buffer.
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What's the description of the central executive?
It's the supervisory component, decides which info is and isn't attended to, has a limited capacity and can only attend to a limited number of things at one time.
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What's the description of the phonological loop?
The 'inner voice', limited capacity, temporary memory storage system which holds verbal info in a speech based form, short term storage system called phonological store, active rehearsal system called the articulatory process.
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What's the description of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?
The 'inner eye', limited capacity, temporary memory storage system that helps people to navigate and interact with physical environment, has visual cache (temporary visual store) and an 'inner scribe' that acts as rehearsal mechanism.
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What's the description of the episodic buffer?
The third 'slave system', added to model in 2000, temporary store responsible for integrating the visual, spatial and verbal info from the other stores, limited capacity of about 4 units of info.
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What is 1/3 strengths of the working memory model?
Baddeley: dual task studies Ps found it more difficult to carry out 2 visual tasks (condition 1) than the visual and verbal task (condition 2) because 1 were competeing for the same limited resources of the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
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What is 2/3 strengths of the working memory model?
Case study: Patient KF suffered brain damage, poor STM ability for verbal info but could process visual info. Suggests that just his phonological loop had been damaged and proves there are different stores. However, unique case so can't generalise.
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What are the practical applications of the working memory model?
Capacity can be used to measure suitability for jobs e.g. US air force to assess pilots. Also allowed us to understand processing deficits e.g. dyslexia.
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What is 3/3 strengths of the working memory model?
Brain imaging research shows different areas of the brain are active when performing different types of task e.g. frontal lobes=attentional task, left temporal lobe=spatial task. Supports assumption that there's different subsystems for STM.
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What's 1/2 weakness of the working memory model?
Model doesn't account for musical memory because Ps can listen to instrumental music without impairing performance on other acoustic tasks. Means model is incomplete.
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What's the 2/2 weakness of the working memory model?
Lack of clarity over the central executive. Most important part of the model but is least understood, function is vague and difficult to test. Means WMM hasn't been fully explained.
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Card 2

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What does the updated model of the STM say?

Back

Proposes that STM store is an active processor, STM isn't a unitary store - it's a flexible and complex system consisting of several components.

Card 3

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What are the 4 components of the WMM?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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What's the description of the central executive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

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What's the description of the phonological loop?

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