Psychology Experiments, Observations, Self Report and Correlations

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What makes experiments scientific?
Study of Cause and Effect
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Give 3 strengths of a laboratory experiment
Highly controlled, easily replicable and can show cause and effect
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Give 3 weaknesses of a laboratory experiment
Low in ecological validity, prone to demand characteristics and distress may occur
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Where are field experiments conducted?
Natural environment
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Give 2 strengths of field experiments
High ecological validity & demand characteristics can be minimised
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Give 2 weaknesses of field experiments
Low control over extraneous variables & difficult to replicate
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What is so special about a quasi experiment?
The IV is naturally occurring
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Give 3 strengths of a quasi experiment
naturally occurring IV, highly controlled & shows cause and effect
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Give 2 weaknesses of a quasi experiment
Not easy to replicate and low in ecological validity
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What does the researcher do in a participant observation?
Becomes apart of the group being observed
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What happens in a non-participant observation?
The researcher just observes the behaviour without being involved in the situation
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What can every observation be?
Overt or Covert, Participant or Non-Participant
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What is a structured observation?
Where coding frames are used to record behaviour
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What is an unstructured observation?
Researcher records a non-specified, wide range of behaviours
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What is an overt observation?
When participants know they're being observed
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What is a covert observation?
When participants know they aren't being observed
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Give 2 strengths of observations
What people say and do is different so may give different take on behaviour and high in ecological validity
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Give 2 weaknesses of observations
Possible observer bias and can't provide information about what people feel
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What is a structured interview?
When the interviewer asks closed questions previously chosen
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What is a semi-structured interview?
When interviewer asks mixture of open and closed questions
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What is an unstructured interview?
When interviewer asks standard question then bases rest of questions on what participant has said
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Give 2 strengths of self-report
Large amounts of standardised data can be gathered from large number of people making it generalisable and unstructured interviews allow for qualitative data to be collected
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Give 2 weaknesses of self report
Questionnaires and structured interviews lack flexibility and responses often influenced by demand characteristics
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What is a correlation used for?
Establish a relationship between 2 variables
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What are the 3 types of correlation?
Positive, Negative and Zero
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Give 2 strengths of correlations
Uses quantifiable measures of each variable measured and gives information about the relationships between variables
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Give 2 weaknesses of correlations
Cause and effect can't be established and findings can be misleading
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give 3 strengths of a laboratory experiment

Back

Highly controlled, easily replicable and can show cause and effect

Card 3

Front

Give 3 weaknesses of a laboratory experiment

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where are field experiments conducted?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give 2 strengths of field experiments

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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