Psychology

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  • Created by: Emily1315
  • Created on: 27-11-18 14:58
Input
Where information or data is taken from the environment through the senses
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Encoding
Where the information taken in is transformed into a different format so we can understand it and make retrieval easier at a later date
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Storage
Where information is kept for use at a later date
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Retrieval
Where information is recalled from where it has been stored in memory
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Output
Where we use the information that has been recalled into our environment such as exams
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Hippocampus
makes memories(sea horse)
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Limbic system
controls emotional expression.
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Cerebellum
at back of skull, responsible for movement and procedural, semantic memory
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Frontal lobe
The control centre of the brain responsible for planning, organisation and judgements
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Autobiographical memories
Memories collected in a lifetime
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Semantic memories
Memories of facts and general knowledge (pub quiz)
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Episodic memories
Places, Events, People
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Procedural memory
motor, walking and feeding
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Amnesia
condition affecting recall of memories or from creating new ones
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Retrograde Amnesia
the recall. Old memories-retro
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Anterograde amnseia
Cannot create new memories
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Retrieval Failure
the lack of cues
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Context cue
Situation- the stairs situation
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State cues
Being in the same physical/psychological state
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Alternate hypothesis
There will be a difference in DV whether IV1 + IV2
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Null hypothesis
There will not be a difference in DV whether IV1 + IV2
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Avoiding distress
Paticipants feel bad or guilty, or stressed
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Avoiding deception
Participants are lied to
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Right to withdraw
The participant wants to quit the study
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Right to debrief
At the end of the studdy. Should be told and they can ask questions
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Gain consent
They need to give consent
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Independent Measures Design
Different paticipants take part in each condition of the IV so out of 20 participants, 10 would be in condition 1, 10 would be in condition 2
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Repeated Measures Design
All of the participants take part in both conditions of the IV for example 20 do Condition 1 and then condition 2
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Primary data
Data collected by the psychologist using it.
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Secondary data
data collected by other psychologists
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Quantitive data
Numerical data
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Qualititive data
Descriptive data
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Demand Characteristics
Where the participants figure out the aim, therefore participants may change answers/behaviour
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Ecological Validity
A measure of how far the research can generalise to real life, if high then it disputes real life well.
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Social Desirability
Where they lie so the researcher gets the results they want.
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Decay
When the information in the short term memory fade away, this may also happen in the long term memory. Lack of rehearsal
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Displacement
When information is kicked out of the short term memory. this is due to not paying attention or the short term memory could be full
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Short term memory
Auditory. 7-9 chunks of information at one time with a duration of up to 30 seconds
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Long Term memory
Visual, auditory, semantic. Capacity and Duration is infinite
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Laboratory experiment
Researcher directly manipulates the IV within a highly controlled environment. These take part in artificial conditions.
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Field experiment
Less control, natural environment and direct manipulation
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Quasi/natural experiment
Not manipulated, natural IV, more often in a lab
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Opportunity sampling
Participants are chosen by the researcher who are available and convenient at the time of the study
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Random sampling
Everyone in the target population have an equal chance of being chosen
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Self-selecting sampling
Participants will volunteer to be chosen. This can be done through the internet or via a poster
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Target population
A group of people the research that is being conducted is generalised to.
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Naturalistic observation
Takes place in the participants natural environment or real life settings
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Controlled observation
This is where participants are observed in a situation that is contrived or has been set up
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Covert observation
This is an observation where the participants are unaware they are being observed
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Overt observation
This is n observation where the participants are aware they are being observed
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Participant observation
This is where the researcher takes part in the activities that the participants are doing in the observation
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Non-Participant observation
This is where the researcher stands back from the observation and doesn't take part in the activities Participants are in
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Where the information taken in is transformed into a different format so we can understand it and make retrieval easier at a later date

Back

Encoding

Card 3

Front

Where information is kept for use at a later date

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Where information is recalled from where it has been stored in memory

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where we use the information that has been recalled into our environment such as exams

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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