Psychology

?
CODING
The format in which information is stored in the various memory stores.
1 of 26
CAPACITY
The amount of information that can be held in memory.
2 of 26
DURATION
The length of time information can be held in memory.
3 of 26
SHORT TERM MEMORY (STM)
The limited-capacity memory store. Coding is mainlyacoustic (sounds), capacity is between 5 and 9 items on average, duration is between 18 and 30 seconds.
4 of 26
LONG TERM MEMORY (LTM)
The permanent memory store. Coding is mainly semantic (Meaning), it has unlimited capacity and can store for up to a lifetime.
5 of 26
MULTI-STORE MODEL (MSM)
A representation of how memory works in terms of three stores called sesnory register, short term memory and long term memory. It also describes how information is transferred from one store to another, how it is remembered and forgotten.
6 of 26
SENSORY REGISTER
The memory stores for each of our five senses, such as vision (iconic store) and hearing (echoic store).Coding in the iconic sensory register is visual and in the echoic register it ias acoustic. The capacity of sesnory registers is giant but short.
7 of 26
EPISODIC MEMORY
A long-term memory store fro personal events. It includes memories of when the events occured and of the people,objects, places and behaviours involved. Memories from this store have to be retrieved consciously and with effort.
8 of 26
SEMANTIC MEMORY
A long-term memory store for our knowledge of the world. This includes facts and our knowledge of what words and concepts mean. These memories usually also need to be recalled deliberately.
9 of 26
PROCEDURAL MEMORY
A long term memory store folr our knowledge of how to do things. This includes our memories of learned skills. We usually recall these memoris without making a conscious or deliberate effort.
10 of 26
WORKING MEMORY MODEL (WMM)
A representation of short-term memory. It suggests that STM is a dynamic processor of different types of information using sub-units coordinated by a central decision-making system.
11 of 26
CENTRAL EXECUTIVE (CE)
The component of the WMM that co-ordinates the acitvities of the three subsystems in memory. It also allocates processing resources to those activities.
12 of 26
PHONOLOGICAL LOOP (PL)
The component of the WMM that processes information in terms of sound. This includes both written and spoken material. It's divided into the phonological store and the articulatory process.
13 of 26
VISUO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD (VSS)
The component of the WMM that processes visual and spatial information in a mental space often called our 'inner eye'.
14 of 26
EPISODIC BUFFER (EB)
The component of the WMM that brings together material forom the other subsystems into a single memory rather than sepetate strands. It also provides a birdge between working memory model and long-term memory.
15 of 26
INTERFERENCE
Forgetting because one memory blocks another, causing one or both memories to be distorted or forgotten.
16 of 26
PROQACTIVE INTERFERENCE (PI)
Forgetting occurs when older memories, already stored, disrupt the recall of newer ones. The degree of forgetting is greater when the memories are similar.
17 of 26
RETROACTIVE INTERFERENCE (RI)
Forgetting occurs when newer memories disrupt the recall of older memories already stored. The dregree of forgetting is again greater when the memories are similar.
18 of 26
RETRIEVAL FAILURE
A from of forgetting. It occurs when we don't have the necessary cues to access memory. The memory is available but not accessable unless a suitible cue is provided,
19 of 26
CUE
A trigger of information that allows us to access a memory. Such cues may be meaningfukl or may e indirectly linked by being encoded at the time of learning. For example, cues may be external or internal.
20 of 26
EYE WITNESS TESTIMONY (EWT)
The ability of people to remember the details of events, suhc as accidents and crimes, which they themselves have observed. Accuracy of EWT can be effected by factors such as misleading information, leading questions and anxiety.
21 of 26
MISLEADING INFORMATION
Incorrect information given to the eyewitness usually after the event. It can take many forms, such as leading questions and post-event discussion between co-witnesses and/or people.
22 of 26
LEADING QUESTIONS
A question which, because of the way it is phrased, suggests a certain answer.Eg. Was the attacker holding a knife?
23 of 26
POST-EVENT DISCUSSION (PED)
Occurs when there is more than one eye witness to an event. Witnesses may discuss what tehy have seen wiht co-witnesses or wiht other people. This may influence the accuracy of each witness's recall of the event.
24 of 26
ANXIETY
A state of emotional and physicla arousal. The emotions include having worried thoughts and feelings of tension. Physical changes include an increased heart rate and sweatiness. Anxiety can effect the accuracy of an EWT.
25 of 26
COGNITIVE INTERVIEW
A method of interviewing eyewitnesses to help them retrive more accurate memories. It uses four main techniques - report everything, Think of context, change the order and change perspective.
26 of 26

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The amount of information that can be held in memory.

Back

CAPACITY

Card 3

Front

The length of time information can be held in memory.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The limited-capacity memory store. Coding is mainlyacoustic (sounds), capacity is between 5 and 9 items on average, duration is between 18 and 30 seconds.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The permanent memory store. Coding is mainly semantic (Meaning), it has unlimited capacity and can store for up to a lifetime.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Memory resources »