Psychologists and Case Studies

Created by: Abby
Created on: 04-12-12 19:37

Atkinson and Shiffrin

Proposed the multi-store model. Sensory Memory (attention) Short Term Memory- Capacity, Duration and Encoding for each of these.

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Clive Wearing

Case study. Longterm memory is intact. Nothing can pass from STM to LTM. Lives in 'snapshot', only holding new information for a few minutes.

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Conrad

Encoding of the STM. Gave participants two sets of letters, one acoustically-similar the other acoustically-dissimilar. He found that the Encoding of the STM is acoustically.

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Miller

Capacity of the STM. Gave participants one number then asked them to recall this number, each time he added a number. He found that the Capacity of the STM is 7±2

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Peterson and Peterson

Duration of the STM. Gave participants a trigram. They were asked to count backwards from a large number to prevent rehearsal. They were asked to recall the trigram at different intervals, 3,6,9,12,15,18... after 15 seconds participants forgot it.

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Baddeley and Hitch

Devised the Working Memory Modal, Phonological loop = verbal tasks, Visuo-spacial sketchpad = visual tasks, Central executive = manager

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Loftus and Palmer 1974

Affect of leading questions in EWT. Showed participants a car crash, then asked how fast the car was going when it (Hit/Smashed/Bumped/Collided/Contacted) the other car. There was a huge range of ans depending on what word was used.

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Poole and Lindsay 2001

Affect of age on EWT. Science experiment then Science book. The Children aged 3 to 8 were asked questions on what happened, only the older children could distinguish the two events.

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Yarmey 1984

Affect of age on EWT. When elderly people were asked about a staged event 80% failed to mention the person had a knife in their hand.

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Loftus and Burns 1982

Affect of anxiety on EWT. Violent film on a man shooting a child in face, others had a normal film. Fewer of those watching the violent film recognised the man in the film in a picture.

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Loftus 1979

Affect of anxiety on EWT. 'weapon effect' Pen man and knife man. Pen man was recognised the most.

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Christian and Hubinette 1993

Affect of anxiety on EWT. Interviewed people who had experienced robberies. People held hostage or really involved in the robbery recognised the robbers better.

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Case study. Longterm memory is intact. Nothing can pass from STM to LTM. Lives in 'snapshot', only holding new information for a few minutes.

Back

Clive Wearing

Card 3

Front

Encoding of the STM. Gave participants two sets of letters, one acoustically-similar the other acoustically-dissimilar. He found that the Encoding of the STM is acoustically.

Back

Card 4

Front

Capacity of the STM. Gave participants one number then asked them to recall this number, each time he added a number. He found that the Capacity of the STM is 7±2

Back

Card 5

Front

Back

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Psychologists and Case Studies