Based on OC as tokens are used to reinforce desirable behaviours. The tokens act as secondary reinforcers because they are later swapped for a tangible reward
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A03 Ayllon and Azrin
looked at 44 female psychiatric patients in a mental institute. Given tokens for desirable behaviours and showed significant increase after use of tokens
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A03 Appropriateness
Controversial because not suitable for severely ill patients as they may not be able to comply with desirable behaviours which could lead to discrimination
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A03 Availability
Issues of accessibility as it is time consuming, expensive, requires training and commitment
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A03 Comer
Helps them to cope but does not treat the disorder
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A03 Paul and Lentz
Found after 4yrs, 98% patients treated with token economy were released from an institution, compared to 71% without TE
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Front
A03 Ayllon and Azrin
Back
looked at 44 female psychiatric patients in a mental institute. Given tokens for desirable behaviours and showed significant increase after use of tokens
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