Psychobiology of memory and emotion; Motivation

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What is motivation?
An internal state that serves to engage the learner, arouse behaviour and give direction or persistance
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How did Thorndike demonstrate motivation?
In cat's, would escape box quicker when given a reward
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What is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Intrinsic motivation involves the internal drives that direct behaviour, feelings from within the performer and enjoyment of the performance, and extrinsic involves feelings coming from externally derived behaviour
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Motivation is seen in infants through...
Simple spinal and brainstem reflexes, grasp reflexes and pain withdrawal reflexes
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Explain the drive theory
The reaching of homeostasis through error detection of a deviation from the 'set point' and behaviours that aim to reduce the drive
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What kind of system is the drive theory?
Negative feedback system
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What is the issue with set points?
Set points are not universal, if they were we would all have the exact same needs
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What is anticipatory motivation drive?
When we perform a behaviour in anticipation of a drive reduction (eat or drink before hunger or thirst)
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Why is drive reduction and reward hypothesis false?
Reducing the physiological drive does not reduce appetite or is not rewarding (An animal can be injected with all the nutrients they need but still not be satisfied)
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What are rewards associated with pleasure rather than drives?
Hedonic
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What is incentive motivation?
Behaviours with positive rewards are repeated and vice versa
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Food tastes better when we are hungry, why?
Incentive value of reward depends on current drive state
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Card 2

Front

How did Thorndike demonstrate motivation?

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In cat's, would escape box quicker when given a reward

Card 3

Front

What is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Back

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Card 4

Front

Motivation is seen in infants through...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Explain the drive theory

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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