Psychoanalysis - Depression
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- Created by: Amy
- Created on: 13-06-13 18:43
who developed psychoanalysis and when?
Freud - beginning of 20th century
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what is the main aim of the therapy?
not to 'cure' patients but to enable the person to cope more with inner emotional conflicts because simply 'curing' symptoms won't tackle the underlying problem
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what is the purpose of psychotherapy?
uncover unconscious conflicts and anxieties from the past to gain insight into causes of psychological disturbance
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what is catharsis?
examining and dealing with conflicts and anxieties and releasing the power they have over behaviour
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who is better suited to deal with their problems?
adults
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why
because their confusing/traumatic childhood experiences can be understood with the benefit of adult knowledge
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what is free association?
client is asked to allow free flow of feelings/thoughts/images and expresses them in words, without censorship
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what should associations arise from and reflect?
internal dynamic conflict
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what is word association?
the client responds to particular words with others that come instantly to mind
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what is dream interpretation?
the client recounts dreams and the analyst interprets hidden meanings
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what's transference?
the client redirects feelings (e.g. hostility) towards the therapist, unconsciously directed toward a significant person in their life but which have been censored by the unconscious mind
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what are examples of projective tests?
Rorschach ink blot test; and thematic apperception test
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why are these techniques used?
to uncover recurrent themes that may reveal unconscious needs and motives
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why do therapists claim this helps clients?
because they will become less dependent on others, cope with loss more efficiently, and make appropriate changes in their everyday lives
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what is the Rorschach ink blot test?
clients are shown a picture of an inkblot, they then describe what they see, or tell a story about the picture and the analyst helps uncover recurrent/unconscious themes and and reveal unconscious desires/needs/motives
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what is the Thematic Apperception test?
clients are shown a set of pictures, they then describe what they see - or psychologist will ask questions , or tell a story about the picture and the analyst helps uncover recurrent/unconscious themes and and reveal unconscious desires/needs/motives
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what is the house tree person test?
the client draws a house, a tree and a person. and details such as size, branches and leaves etc are analysed by the psychologist to uncover unconscious thoughts
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what did Eysenck find when reviewing two studies that focused on depressed people on a waiting list and depressed people undergoing psychoanalysis?
he found that in the control group, 66% improved spontaneously whilst only 44% of psychoanalysis patients recovered
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what did bergin find, criticising this?
in Eysenck's control group, some were hospitalised. whilst the psychoanalysis patients were being treated by their GP and not a professional in psychoanalysis.
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moreover, when the criteria assessing improvement had changed, what happened?
the psychoanalysis group improved by 83% whilst the control group by only 30%
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what did svartberg and stiles find in their meta-analysis of 19 studies?
the studies compared psychoanalysis with a control group and found no significant difference of improvement within the two groups
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what did corsini and wedding find?
depending on criteria and definition of a cure, psychoanalysis success rate varies between 30-80%
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how appropriate is psychoanalysis in terms of cost and timescale?
time consuming and may take months or even years so start to feel an improvement; the therapy can cost 80/100 pounds a session
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how appropriate is psychoanalysis in terms of suitability?
may not be suitable for depression as they are too withdrawn, passive and fatigued to take part in demanding sessions; may also become easily disheartened and drop out; suicidal patients need a fast solution; only suitable for YAVIS
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what is YAVIS?
young, articulate, verbal, intelligent, successful
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how appropriate is psychoanalysis in terms of danger of emotional harm?
the patient may recall stressful and traumatic memories that will cause them emotional harm
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how appropriate is psychoanalysis in terms of success rates?
it is difficult when deciding what counts as a success. psychoanalysts are more concerned with the process of which the patient has undergone and insight into unconscious reasons for their behaviour, rather than making the patients are more happy
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what is support for psychoanalysis based on?
carefully selected case studies
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why is this a problem/?
samples are likely to be biased, random samples would give valid data. they are more likely to pick the successful ones
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is the main aim of the therapy?
Back
not to 'cure' patients but to enable the person to cope more with inner emotional conflicts because simply 'curing' symptoms won't tackle the underlying problem
Card 3
Front
what is the purpose of psychotherapy?
Back
Card 4
Front
what is catharsis?
Back
Card 5
Front
who is better suited to deal with their problems?
Back
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