Psychiatry Definitions

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  • Created by: LaurenSE
  • Created on: 07-10-15 17:27
Illusion
False perception of a real external stimulus
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Hallucination
False sensory perception in the absence of a real external stimulus, in objective space and same realistic qualities as normal perceptions, not subject to conscious manipulation
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Hallucinosis
Hallucinations occur in clear consciousness
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Reflex Hallucination
Stimulus in one sensory field leads to an hallucination in another
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Functional Hallucination
Stimulus causing the hallucination is experienced in addition to the hallucination
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Autoscopic Hallucination
Patient sees themself and knows that it is he/she, out of body experiences
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Extracampine Hallucination
Hallucination occurs outside the patient's sensory field eg. corner of the eye
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Trailing phenomenon
Moving objects are seen as a series of discrete discontinuous images
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Hypnopompic Hallucination
Hallucination occurs while waking from sleep
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Hypnogogic Hallucination
Hallucination occurs while falling asleep
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Pseudo-Hallucination
Imagery arising in the subjective inner space of the mind, lacks the substantiality of normal perceptions, occupies subjective space
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Overvalued Ideas
Exaggerated or false belief sustained beyond logic or reason but with less rigidity than a delusion
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Delusion
False personal belief based on incorrect interpretation about external reality and firmly sustained in spite of what almost everyone else believes
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Mood Congruent
Content is appropriate to mood e.g. suicidal ideation in a depressed patient
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Delusional Perception
Patient attaches a new and delusional significance to a familiar real perception without logical reason eg. red traffic light indicates death of someone
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Thought Alienation
Paitent believes that his/her thoughts are under the control of an outside agency
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Thought Insertion
Belief that thoughts are being put into the mind by an external agency
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Thought Withdrawal
Belief that thoughts are being removed from the mind by an external agency
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Thought Broadcasting
Belief that thoughts are being 'read' by others
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Thought Echo
The person hears his/her own thoughts as if they were being spoken aloud
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Thought Blocking
Sudden interruption in the train of thought before it is completed, patient can not recall what they had been saying
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Concrete Thinking
Unable to think in abstract terms and will give an over-literal interpretation of proverbs
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Loosening of Association
Lack of an obvious connection between one thought or phrase and the next
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Circumstantiality
Slowed thinking with unnecessary trivial details, the goal of thought is finally, but slowly, reached
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Perseveration
Mental operations carry on beyond the point at which they are appropriate
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Confabulation
Gaps in memory are unconsciously filled with false memories
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Somatic Passivity
Delusional belief that one is a passive recipient of bodily sensations from an external agency
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Made Actions
Delusional belief that one's free will has been removed and an external agency is controlling one's actions
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Made Feelings
Delusional belief that one's free will has been removed and an external agency is controlling one's feelings
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Clouding of Consciousness
Patient is drowsy and does not react completely to stimuli
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Catatonia
State of neurogenic motor immobility, stupor (lack of critical cognitive function and level of consciousness)
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Psychomotor Retardation
Slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movements
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Flight of Ideas
Speech consists of a stream of accelerated thoughts, with abrupt change from topic to topic and no central direction
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Formal Thought Disorders - Fusion
Various thoughts are fused together, loss of goal direction
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Formal Thought Disorders - Omission
Thought or part of thought is senselessly omitted
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Formal Thought Disorders - Derailment
Lack of connection between ideas, illogical links
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Formal Thought Disorders - Drivelling
Disordered intermixture of the constituent parts of one complex thought
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Formal Thought Disorders - Substitution
Major thought is substituted by a subsidary thought
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Pressure of Speech
Increased quantity and rate of speech, which is difficult to interrupt
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Anhedonia
Inability to gain pleasure from previously enjoyable experiences
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Incongruity of Affect
Patient will have happy thoughts and look happy when talking about a sad event
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Blunting of Affect
Objective absence of normal emotional responses
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Belle Indifference
Lack of concern about disability or symptoms
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Depersonalisation
One feels that one is altered or not real in some way
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Derealisation
The surroundings do not seem real
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Conversion
Mental state has been converted into a physical symptom eg. limb paralysis, psychogenic blindness
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Dissociation
Disconnection or separation of specific thoughts from the rest of the personality eg. emotional conflict, amnesia
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Mannerisms
Repeated involuntary movements that appear to be goal directed
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Stereotypy
Repeated regular fixed pattern of movement or speech that is not goal directed
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Obsessions
Repetitive senseless thoughts, recognised as being irrational which, at least initially, are unsuccessfully resisted
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Compulsions
Repetitive, stereotyped, seemingly purposeful behaviour that is the motor component of obsessional thoughts
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Akathisia
Subjective feeling of restlessness in the lower limbs eg. restless leg syndrome
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

False sensory perception in the absence of a real external stimulus, in objective space and same realistic qualities as normal perceptions, not subject to conscious manipulation

Back

Hallucination

Card 3

Front

Hallucinations occur in clear consciousness

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Stimulus in one sensory field leads to an hallucination in another

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Stimulus causing the hallucination is experienced in addition to the hallucination

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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