Psychiatric difficulties

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  • Created by: Steff06
  • Created on: 28-05-19 18:59
Outcomes in infancy for children of depressed parents (4)
dysregulated emotional development, difficult temperaments, lower mental and motor development
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Outcomes for children of depressed parents in preschool (4)
cog/emotional problems, react negatively to stress, deficits in social competence, more difficulties making friends
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Middle childhood outcomes for children of depressed parents (3)
peer problems, psychological adjustment problems, poorer school performance
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adolescence outcomes for children of depressed parents (2)
peer/relationship problems, social, cog and emotional problems
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likelihood of having problems themselves (children)
2x more likely to have depression - follow up 3x more likely to have mood and anxiety disorders
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attachment styles
63% infants insecurely attached of depressed mothers compared to 31% of well mothers. Attachment style could make child more susceptible to developing depression themselves
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parent-child interaction
depressed parents use force to obtain compliance - similar to parenting styles of aggressive children. Interaction and attachment styles lead to internalising problems. Disciplinary styles lead to externalising
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inter-parental conflict predicts...
explain general adjustment problems of children and conduct disordrer. Doesn't predict depression - parental depression does, implications for children's own intimate relationships.
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anxiety disorder types
panic disorder, phobias, OCD, geeralised anxiety disorder, PTSD
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Anxiety comorbidity and likelihood for children
comorbid with depression, more problems when parent has both. Offspring at 7x risk of anxiety disorder
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link between parental-control and self-efficacy
Higher parental control --> lower self-efficacy
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outcomes for children of schizophrenic parents
frequently show psychiatric problems. 74% had psychiatric disorder e.g. anxiety, depression, hyperactivity. Also deficits in relationships, more AB, cog impairment. 40-60% concordance in MZ twins
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schizophrenic parents children less researched because? (3)
may not be ethical, worried kids would be taken into care/kids have been, schizophrenia is less diagnosed
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effects of schizophrenic effects on children
poses obvious risk, inability to fulfil normal parenting roles, greater parenting dysfunction
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Borderline PD (definition and prevalence)
1-6% prevalence - much higher females than males. Patterns of evasive, emotional and cog behaviour which causes impairment and distress
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symptoms of Borderline personality disorder
intense, unstable relationships, chronic fears of abandonment, feelings of emptiness, impulsivity, instability, inappropriate explosive anger, paranoid, self-harm+suicide ideation
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outcomes for offspring of BPD mothers
higher rates of insecure disorganised attachment, higher internalising/externalising problems, poorer understanding of other's emotion, higher levels of BPD symptoms
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parenting of BPD mothers
more instrusive+insensitive, less warm, more hostile, overprotective, lax discipline, perceive selves as worse parents
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outcomes for children in high-conflict families
negative outcomes, strongest association with externalising problems, violent conduct is most damaging - children can model, adults spillover into childre
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violence before separation and after in children
76% unmanageable before separation, after 42% overall behaviour problems, boys more, more externalising
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direct effects of inter-parental conflict (2)
modelling and stress
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effect on stress
conflict experience is stressful - even passively experiencing hostile interchanges, develop coping responses which can be maladaptive
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indirect effects of inter-parental conflict (2)
parental emotional availability, child management techniques
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discipline types in high conflict families (3)
harsh (displace anger onto child), permissive (don't have energy to monitor child's behaviour), inconsistent (parent's contradict each other)
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what parts of conflict are important for child effects
conflict intensity, content and resolution
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content and resolution
worse when content is child-related, how conflict is explained matters, fully resolved conflict elicits no more distress than friendly interactions
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appraisals (3)
past experience of conflict, characteristics of conflict episode, quality of parent-child relationship
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cognitive-contextual framework description (7)
distal, proximal, emotional climate, expectations, mood of child, primary processing, secondary processing
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primary processing (3)
initial awareness, emotions, self-relevance
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secondary processing (2)
why is it happening? What can i do?
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distal (stable/slow change)
emotional climate, past experience with conflict, gender, temperament
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proximate (quick change)
expectations, mood
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Outcomes for children of depressed parents in preschool (4)

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cog/emotional problems, react negatively to stress, deficits in social competence, more difficulties making friends

Card 3

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Middle childhood outcomes for children of depressed parents (3)

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Card 4

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adolescence outcomes for children of depressed parents (2)

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Card 5

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likelihood of having problems themselves (children)

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