6. A series of studies by Perrett et al. has demonstrated that perceived facial attractiveness is related to having a (n)
Thinner jaw
Larger distance between nose and mouth
Average face
Distinctive face
7. An important principle of signal detection theory is that detection of any stimulus requires that we discriminate between _______ and ________
Noise; silence
Signal; noise
Response bias; noise
Signal; response bias
8. The top of a convex object appears light coloured while the bottom appears darker. Thus, our visual system appears to interpret this object as if it were illuminated from above. The cue to depth at work in this context is
Haze
Elevation
Shading
Texture
9. The human retina contains two types of photoreceptors; they are
Ganglion cells and bipolar cells
Rods and cones
Foveal cells and ganglion cells
Optic cells and diodes
10. The primacy effect occurs because the words presented earlier in a list of words
Have more opportunity to be rehearsed than words later on in the list
Are generally the easier ones to memorise
Are represented in both short-term and episodic memory
Stay in short-term memory
11. According to Baddeley, the capacity of the phonological loop is determined by how much information an individual can rehearse in______
30 seconds
1 minute
2 seconds
10 seconds
12. The Gestalt principle which states that elements that are positioned closely together as a group will be perceived as belonging together is the ______ principle
Closure
Propinquity
Proximity
Continuity
13. Unlike information from other sensory modalities, olfactory information is sent directly to the
Limbic system
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
14. If you wanted to make a white card look whiter you would place it
Next to another white card that is placed on a darker background
On any background that is illuminated by bright sunlight
On a grey background
On a very bright white background
15. Bottom-up processing is to_____as top-down processing is to______
Data driven; context driven
Parallel processing; serial processing
Visual perception; pattern recognition
Context driven; data driven
16. Which of the following is not a cognitive process involved in memory
Perceiving
Retrieval
Storage
Encoding
17. The type of memory that has the shortest duration is called______ memory
Short-term
Episodic
Sensory
Perceptual
18. The systematic study of the relation between the physical characteristics of stimuli and the sensations they produce is called
Signal detection
Sensory psychology
Psychophysics
Perceptual psychology
19. According to the "resource sharing model" of Daneman and Carpenter, all except which of the following statements are true?
If a person is a good reader, reading sentences for their truthfulness uses up very few cognitive resources
The reading span task measures how flexibly we can allocate mental resources to the processing and storage of material
Reading ability has no effect on the amount of "cognitive space" available for performing the memory component of the reading span test
Poor readers show poorer working memory performance on the reading span task than good readers
20. It is possible to create the illusion of movement by alternately turning on and off two small lights in a darkened room. This apparent movement of the light between two positions is called the
