PSY A1 Attachment

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What influences has research had on attachment?
1. More care for children in hospitals. 2. Adoption from birth. 3. Helped lead to improvements in day care
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What influences has research had on day care?
1. lowere staff turnover to allow for better attachments. 2. 1:3 staff to child ratio. 3. More qualified and experienced staff.
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What has the impact of day care researh told us about aggression?
1. NICHD study = the more time spent in day care of any quality the more adults rated them as assertive, dissobedient and aggressive. 2. EPPE study = Children who spent longer in day care were rated by teachers as showing more antisocial behaviours.
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What has the impact of daycare research told us about peer relations?
1. Alison Clarke-Steward = More time in daycare meant that children were more socially developed. 2. Day care permits time for social strategies. Field found time in day care was positively correlated with the number of friends they had.
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Describe the method of research into failure to form attachment (privation)
Hodges + Tizard LONGstudy. 65 British children place in Institutional care from 4 months. Workers werent allowed to form attachments. They were tested at regular intervals till 16.
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Desribe the results of research into failure to form attachment (privation)
Restored children were less likely to form attachments. Adopted children were closely attached to their parents. All ex-in kids had problems with peers
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Evaluate the research into failure to form attachments (privation)
1. - Romaninan study by Rutter et al showed 1/3 of kid recovered well from privation. 2. - longitudial drop out rates, cannot tell all long term effects. 3. - onlu conducted on british kids
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evaluate disruption of attachment
1. Bohman + Sigvardsson suggest that the negative effects can be reversed if alternative emotional care is provided. 2. Bilfulco suggest early disrputions of attachment make people more vulnerable. 3. + research helped undertand importance of disrupt
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Outline and Evaluated Grossmann + Grossmanns study into cultural variations
GG found German infants were insecurely attached due to diff child rearing P's. G cult pushes interpersonal distance. 1. - it uses ** which only shows R and not attachemnet type. Kids may act diff if with diff parents.
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Describe and Evaluate Ijzendoorn + Krronenberg's study into cultural varaiations
Meta-anaylsis of 32 S of attachment in different countries. the diffs were small. secure attach most pop. insecure A 2nd exepct Isreal&***. MA shows global pattern of attach. 1. - involved diff no. of studies from diff countries. e.g china 2 but US18
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Descibe and evalutaed a Japenese study into cultural vairations
*** kids were highly distressed when alone. 90% of studies stopped. the V can be explained by diff child rearing P's, makes them look insecurely ATT. 1. - IMposed etic one western technique imposed on another cult
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What is a secure Attachment?
TYPE B. harmonious & cooperative interactions. wont cry if they leave. when anxious they seek proximity but quickly calmed by CG. comfortable with exploring and use CG as a secure base
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What is insecure Avoident?
TYPE A. aviod interaction. show little response to social interaction an intimacy. show little response to sep and reunion. no tendency to cling. happy to explore alone. high levels of anxious may become agg when attachment not met
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What is insecure resistant?
TYPE C. both seek an reject intimacy and social interaction. respond to speration with immediate&intense distress, kids display conflicting desired upon reunion. angrily resist bein picked up but also maintain proximity.
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Evaluate the strange situtaion
1.- aims to measure type of attachment but only measures relationship, infants beh. diff with diff parents. 2. -lacks ecovalid conducted in novel, clincial evironment cant be applied to life. 3. - ethical issue, placed kid under intended distress
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What is bowlbys theory of attachment?
1. continunity Hypoth= link betweem early attachment type and lated emtional beh. 2. Sensitive p = limited window to develop attach.second quater of ther 1st year. 3. Innate = evolutionary bec. att eveloved for surivial and reproduct value.
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what is classical conditioning in the learning theory?
Pavlov stated invloved learning though association. the association between att and sense of pleasure is the attachment bond.
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what is opperant conditioning?
learn through reward. do something = reward or punishment. Dollard +Miller explan. kids get hungry = discomfort = cry = given food = rewarding = do it again
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evaulate the learning theory of attachment
1. - Harlow monkeys, touch comfort than food comfort. seeked proxmity on cloth mother than wire mum with bottle. 2. - lack valdity as mostly vased on non-human. it over simplifies human beh. 3. -Fox isreal. metaplot vs mum in **, both the same.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What influences has research had on day care?

Back

1. lowere staff turnover to allow for better attachments. 2. 1:3 staff to child ratio. 3. More qualified and experienced staff.

Card 3

Front

What has the impact of day care researh told us about aggression?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What has the impact of daycare research told us about peer relations?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the method of research into failure to form attachment (privation)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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